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脊髓硬膜外血肿——溶栓治疗罕见且使人虚弱的并发症。

Spinal epidural hematoma - A rare and debilitating complication of thrombolytic therapy.

作者信息

Gupta Kamal, Sharma Rajni, Agrawal Navin, Puttegowda Beeresh, Basappa Ramesh, Manjunath Cholenhally Nanjappa

机构信息

Department of Cardiology, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru 560069, Karnataka, India.

出版信息

J Cardiovasc Dis Res. 2013 Dec;4(4):236-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jcdr.2014.01.005. Epub 2014 Feb 19.

Abstract

Thrombolytic therapy directed to the achievement of early reperfusion in cases with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction can have significant complications which can be due to bleeding or in the form of allergic reactions. Sometimes these complications can cause mortality or significant and incapacitating morbidity which may at times surpass the risk possessed by the disease itself. We are reporting an interesting case of 63-year-old male, who presented to us with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction and developed acute onset paralysis following intravenous administration of streptokinase and heparin. MRI spine revealed spinal epidural hematoma. Patient was advised urgent surgical evacuation of hematoma, but opted for conservative management. Patient had significant residual neurological deficits at follow-up. In conclusion, spinal epidural hematoma is a rare complication following thrombolysis for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. Though rare, high index of suspicion is required by physicians, as prompt treatment may lead to complete recovery, which otherwise can lead to debilitating neurological sequel.

摘要

针对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者实现早期再灌注的溶栓治疗可能会引发严重并发症,这些并发症可能是出血性的,也可能表现为过敏反应。有时这些并发症会导致死亡或严重且使人丧失能力的发病情况,其风险有时可能超过疾病本身所具有的风险。我们报告了一例有趣的病例,一名63岁男性,因急性前壁心肌梗死前来就诊,在静脉注射链激酶和肝素后出现急性起病的瘫痪。脊柱MRI显示脊髓硬膜外血肿。建议患者紧急进行血肿手术清除,但患者选择了保守治疗。随访时患者有明显的残留神经功能缺损。总之,脊髓硬膜外血肿是急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死溶栓治疗后罕见的并发症。尽管罕见,但医生需要高度怀疑,因为及时治疗可能导致完全康复,否则可能导致使人衰弱的神经后遗症。

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本文引用的文献

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Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma associated with thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy: report of three cases.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1998 Dec;100(4):283-7. doi: 10.1016/s0303-8467(98)00044-4.
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[Epidural spinal hematoma following thrombolytic therapy for an acute myocardial infarct].
Rev Esp Cardiol. 1997 Jun;50(6):448-50. doi: 10.1016/s0300-8932(97)73247-0.
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