Villamañán Elena, Armada Eduardo, Ruano Margarita
Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2015 Mar 15;144(6):269-74. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2014.01.027. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
Sudden cardiac death is an important cause of mortality in developed countries, most of them being consequence of acute ventricular arrhythmias. These arrhythmias, in some cases, owe to QT interval prolongation. A major risk factor for this condition is the use of drugs that prolong the QT interval. In fact, in recent years, one of the most common reasons for drug withdrawal or usage restrictions has been drug induced QT interval prolongation that involves both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular drugs. Taking into account the severity that the occurrence of such an event may have, it is important for clinicians to know the risks of these drugs in certain patients. In this review we analyze the drugs that prolong the QT interval, the risk factors that can enhance QT prolongation and the drug interactions that can increase these risks.
心脏性猝死是发达国家重要的死亡原因，其中大多数是急性室性心律失常的后果。在某些情况下，这些心律失常归因于QT间期延长。这种情况的一个主要危险因素是使用延长QT间期的药物。事实上，近年来，药物撤市或使用受限最常见的原因之一是药物引起的QT间期延长，这涉及心血管药物和非心血管药物。考虑到此类事件发生可能具有的严重性，临床医生了解这些药物在特定患者中的风险很重要。在本综述中，我们分析了延长QT间期的药物、可增强QT间期延长的危险因素以及可增加这些风险的药物相互作用。
