Maron J, Hunger M, Kirchberger I, Peters A, Mielck A
Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie und Management im Gesundheitswesen, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Deutschland,
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2014 Apr;57(4):431-44. doi: 10.1007/s00103-013-1931-y.
The analyses focused on time trends in health inequalities in the 25 to 64-year-old population of Augsburg. The analyses are based on four independent cross-sectional surveys from the MONICA/KORA study covering 15 years: 1984/1985 (n = 4,022), 1989/1990 (n = 3,966), 1994/1995 (n = 3,916) and 1999/2000 (n = 3,492). Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed by educational level and per capita household income with separate analyses for each of these two variables. Both absolute and relative health inequalities were calculated. The results showed that inequalities in self-rated health did not change very much (with some indications for increasing inequalities). However, concerning smoking the results clearly pointed towards increasing health inequalities (for example concerning relative inequalities among women by educational level: significant increase from survey to survey of about 20 %). The prevalence of obesity was increased in all SES groups but the inequalities did not change very much. These time trends show that the efforts aimed at reducing health inequalities should be intensified.
分析聚焦于奥格斯堡25至64岁人群健康不平等状况的时间趋势。这些分析基于来自MONICA/KORA研究的四项独立横断面调查，涵盖15年：1984/1985年（n = 4022）、1989/1990年（n = 3966）、1994/1995年（n = 3916）和1999/2000年（n = 3492）。通过教育水平和人均家庭收入评估社会经济地位（SES），并对这两个变量分别进行分析。计算了绝对和相对健康不平等。结果表明，自评健康方面的不平等变化不大（有一些不平等加剧的迹象）。然而，在吸烟方面，结果明确显示健康不平等在加剧（例如，按教育水平划分的女性相对不平等：各次调查之间显著增加约20%）。所有SES组的肥胖患病率均有所上升，但不平等变化不大。这些时间趋势表明，应加大旨在减少健康不平等的努力。
