Lojo-Seoane Cristina, Facal David, Guàrdia-Olmos Joan, Juncos-Rabadán Onésimo
Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2014 May;29(3):245-55. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acu007. Epub 2014 Mar 23.
Cognitive reserve (CR) is often operationally defined as a complex structure of latent variables. Here, we present a structural model that analyzes the effect of CR on three cognitive domains: episodic memory, working memory, and general cognitive performance. We developed and analyzed a structural equation model (SEM) to study CR and cognitive performance in 326 participants over 50 years old with subjective memory complaints. The CR construct was found to consist of two factors: (a) educational level and (b) lifestyle. The model revealed that CR had significant direct effects on episodic memory, working memory, and general cognitive performance, and indirect effects on episodic memory via working memory. As a latent construct, CR is related to cognitive performance in participants over 50 years with subjective memory complaints, and it should therefore be considered in the evaluation and diagnosis of such people.
认知储备（CR）通常在操作上被定义为一个由潜在变量构成的复杂结构。在此，我们提出一个结构模型，该模型分析了CR对三个认知领域的影响：情景记忆、工作记忆和一般认知表现。我们开发并分析了一个结构方程模型（SEM），以研究326名50岁以上有主观记忆问题的参与者的CR和认知表现。结果发现，CR结构由两个因素组成：（a）教育水平和（b）生活方式。该模型显示，CR对情景记忆、工作记忆和一般认知表现有显著的直接影响，并且通过工作记忆对情景记忆有间接影响。作为一个潜在结构，CR与50岁以上有主观记忆问题的参与者的认知表现相关，因此在对此类人群的评估和诊断中应予以考虑。
