Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.
Depress Anxiety. 2014 Apr;31(4):308-15. doi: 10.1002/da.22264. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
Sustained negative affect and diminished positive affect are hallmark features of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Difficulties in emotion regulation have been proposed to be at the core of these cardinal symptoms of MDD. It remains unclear, however, what underlies emotion regulation difficulties. Cognitive theories of depression have focused on cognitive processes and recent studies suggest that cognitive biases and deficits in cognitive control may help explain affective symptoms of this disorder. Specifically, it is proposed that cognitive biases and deficits affect emotion regulation ability thereby setting the stage for maintained negative affect and diminished levels of positive affect. The article reviews empirical studies that speak to these links and closes with a discussion of novel treatment approaches that are inspired by these ideas.
持续的负性情绪和减弱的正性情绪是重度抑郁症（MDD）的主要特征。情绪调节困难被认为是 MDD 这些主要症状的核心。然而，情绪调节困难的根本原因仍不清楚。抑郁的认知理论侧重于认知过程，最近的研究表明，认知偏差和认知控制缺陷可能有助于解释这种障碍的情感症状。具体来说，有人提出，认知偏差和缺陷会影响情绪调节能力，从而为持续的负性情绪和减弱的正性情绪奠定基础。本文回顾了这些关联的实证研究，并以受这些观点启发的新治疗方法的讨论结束。
