Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Clin Interv Aging. 2014 Mar 19;9:443-50. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S39780. eCollection 2014.
Hypertension is common in Asian populations and is a major cause of cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in many Asian countries. The overall prevalence of hypertension in India and the People's Republic of China has been estimated to be 20.6% in men and 22.6% in women. However, the rates of detection, treatment, and control of hypertension remain low in Asia. This reflects a low level of literacy and education, as well as a low level of access to medical care. To overcome these obstacles, strategies targeted at education, promotion, and optimization of medical care, are crucial to achieve target blood pressure control. Angiotensin receptor blockers are one of the first-line treatments for essential hypertension because they confer better cardiovascular outcomes. Losartan has been widely evaluated for the management of hypertension. Although some studies suggested that the blood pressure-lowering effect of losartan is perhaps lower than for other angiotensin receptor blockers, losartan has been demonstrated to be beneficial in terms of renal protection in patients with diabetes, heart failure resulting from either systolic or diastolic dysfunction, and diuretic-induced hyperuricemia. However, most of these data were obtained from Caucasian populations. The efficacy and safety of losartan in Asian populations may be different because of genetic and ethnic variations. Therefore, the efficacy and safety of losartan in Asian patients with hypertension warrant further study.
高血压在亚洲人群中很常见，是心血管疾病的主要病因。许多亚洲国家的高血压患病率正在上升。据估计，印度和中华人民共和国男性高血压的总体患病率为 20.6%，女性为 22.6%。然而，亚洲高血压的检出率、治疗率和控制率仍然很低。这反映了文化程度和教育水平低，以及医疗保健获取水平低。为了克服这些障碍，针对教育、促进和优化医疗保健的策略对于实现目标血压控制至关重要。血管紧张素受体阻滞剂是治疗原发性高血压的一线药物之一，因为它们能带来更好的心血管结局。氯沙坦已被广泛评估用于高血压的治疗。虽然一些研究表明氯沙坦的降压效果可能低于其他血管紧张素受体阻滞剂，但氯沙坦已被证明在糖尿病、收缩性或舒张性心力衰竭以及利尿剂引起的高尿酸血症患者中有肾脏保护作用。然而，这些数据大多来自白种人群。由于遗传和种族差异，氯沙坦在亚洲人群中的疗效和安全性可能不同。因此，氯沙坦在亚洲高血压患者中的疗效和安全性需要进一步研究。
