Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Leioa, Spain ; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Leioa, Spain.
Front Neural Circuits. 2014 Mar 17;8:21. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2014.00021. eCollection 2014.
The neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has a multifaceted function in the modulation of information processing through the activation of multiple receptor families, including G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes (5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT4-7) and ligand-gated ion channels (5-HT3). The largest population of serotonergic neurons is located in the midbrain, specifically in the raphe nuclei. Although the medial and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) share common projecting areas, in the basal ganglia (BG) nuclei serotonergic innervations come mainly from the DRN. The BG are a highly organized network of subcortical nuclei composed of the striatum (caudate and putamen), subthalamic nucleus (STN), internal and external globus pallidus (or entopeduncular nucleus in rodents, GPi/EP and GPe) and substantia nigra (pars compacta, SNc, and pars reticulata, SNr). The BG are part of the cortico-BG-thalamic circuits, which play a role in many functions like motor control, emotion, and cognition and are critically involved in diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This review provides an overview of serotonergic modulation of the BG at the functional level and a discussion of how this interaction may be relevant to treating PD and the motor complications induced by chronic treatment with L-DOPA.
神经递质 5-羟色胺（5-HT）通过激活多种受体家族，包括 G 蛋白偶联受体亚型（5-HT1、5-HT2、5-HT4-7）和配体门控离子通道（5-HT3），在调节信息处理方面具有多方面的功能。大多数 5-羟色胺能神经元位于中脑，特别是在中缝核。虽然中缝核和背侧中缝核（DRN）有共同的投射区域，但在基底节（BG）核中，5-羟色胺能神经支配主要来自 DRN。BG 是一个由皮质下核组成的高度组织化的网络，包括纹状体（尾状核和壳核）、丘脑底核（STN）、内、外苍白球（或啮齿动物的缰核，GPi/EP 和 GPe）和黑质（致密部，SNc 和网状部，SNr）。BG 是皮质-BG-丘脑回路的一部分，在运动控制、情绪和认知等多种功能中发挥作用，并与帕金森病（PD）等疾病密切相关。这篇综述概述了 5-羟色胺对 BG 的功能调节，并讨论了这种相互作用如何与治疗 PD 和慢性 L-DOPA 治疗引起的运动并发症相关。
