Meinbresse Molly, Brinkley-Rubinstein Lauren, Grassette Amy, Benson Joseph, Hamilton Reginald, Malott Marianne, Jenkins Darlene
Violence Vict. 2014;29(1):122-36. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00069.
Homelessness increases vulnerability to violence victimization; however, the precise factors associated with victimization and injury are not clearly understood. Thus, this study explores the prevalence of and characteristics associated with violence victimization among homeless individuals by surveying approximately 500 individuals experiencing homelessness in 5 cities across the United States. Our findings reveal that nearly one-half of our sample reported experiencing violence and that prolonged duration of homelessness (greater than 2 years) and being older increased the risk of experiencing a violent attack. In addition, increased length of homelessness and female gender predicted experiencing rape. Women were also significantly more likely to know one's perpetrator and experience continued suffering after a violent attack. We conclude that certain subpopulations within the homeless population are at an increased risk for victimization and, subsequently, require added protective services; implications for health care and policy recommendations are also discussed.
无家可归会增加遭受暴力侵害的易感性；然而，与侵害和伤害相关的具体因素尚不清楚。因此，本研究通过对美国5个城市约500名无家可归者进行调查，探讨了无家可归者中暴力侵害的发生率及其相关特征。我们的研究结果显示，近一半的样本报告曾遭受暴力，无家可归的时间延长（超过2年）以及年龄较大增加了遭受暴力袭击的风险。此外，无家可归时间的延长和女性身份预示着会遭受强奸。女性也明显更有可能认识侵害者，并且在遭受暴力袭击后持续受苦。我们得出结论，无家可归人群中的某些亚群体遭受侵害的风险增加，因此需要更多的保护服务；同时还讨论了对医疗保健的影响和政策建议。
