Arola Anita, Ojala Tiina, Lauerma Kirsi, Karikoski Riitta, Ruuskanen Olli, Happonen Juha-Matti, Jokinen Eero
Duodecim. 2014;130(4):317-25.
Viral infections are the most common causes of myocarditis in children. Chronic myocardial injury may develop following an immune or autoimmune reaction triggered or maintained by an infection, or can be part of a systemic autoimmune disease. Although many of the children having developed myocarditis are symptomless, initial symptoms may include cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and sudden death. The diagnosis requires a clinical suspicion as well as laboratory and imaging studies. Recovery from myocarditises often takes place spontaneously, but some result in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
病毒感染是儿童心肌炎最常见的病因。慢性心肌损伤可能在感染引发或维持的免疫或自身免疫反应后发生，也可能是全身性自身免疫性疾病的一部分。虽然许多患心肌炎的儿童没有症状，但初始症状可能包括心脏功能不全、心律失常和猝死。诊断需要临床怀疑以及实验室和影像学检查。心肌炎通常会自发恢复，但有些会导致扩张型心肌病（DCM）的发展。
