Unno S, Handa T, Nagasaka Y, Inoue M, Mikami A
Department of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.
Department of Psychology, Rikkyo University, Toshimaku, Tokyo, Japan.
Neuroscience. 2014 May 30;268:221-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.03.024. Epub 2014 Mar 24.
Shape perception can be achieved based on various cues such as luminance, color, texture, depth and motion. To investigate common neural mechanisms underlying shape perception cued by various visual attributes, we examined single-neuron activity in the monkey anterior superior temporal sulcus (STS) in response to shapes defined by luminance and motion cues during shape discrimination. We found cortical mapping with respect to selectivity for shapes as well as for direction of motion in the STS. About 90% of shape-selective neurons were located in the lower bank of STS (lSTS) assigned to the ventral pathway, while about 80% of direction-selective neurons existed in the upper bank of STS (uSTS) assigned to the dorsal pathway. The neurons showing selectivity for both shape and motion coexisted in lSTS as well as uSTS. This result indicates that integration or convergence of shape information and motion information can occur in both banks of STS. About 90% of STS neurons showing selectivity both for shapes defined by luminance cue and for shapes defined by motion cue were located in lSTS. They showed a highly similar shape preference between the different visual attributes, indicating cue-invariant shape selectivity. The cue-invariant shape-selectivity was modulated with target selection as well as with discrimination performance of monkeys. These results suggest that lSTS could be involved in cue-invariant shape discrimination, but not the uSTS.
形状感知可以基于各种线索来实现，如亮度、颜色、纹理、深度和运动。为了研究由各种视觉属性提示的形状感知背后的共同神经机制，我们在猴子的前颞上沟（STS）中检查了单个神经元的活动，以了解在形状辨别过程中对由亮度和运动线索定义的形状的反应。我们发现了STS中关于形状选择性以及运动方向选择性的皮层映射。约90%的形状选择性神经元位于分配给腹侧通路的STS下壁（lSTS），而约80%的方向选择性神经元存在于分配给背侧通路的STS上壁（uSTS）。对形状和运动都具有选择性的神经元在lSTS和uSTS中均有共存。这一结果表明，形状信息和运动信息的整合或汇聚可发生在STS的上下壁。约90%对由亮度线索定义的形状和由运动线索定义的形状均具有选择性的STS神经元位于lSTS。它们在不同视觉属性之间表现出高度相似的形状偏好，表明线索不变的形状选择性。线索不变的形状选择性会随着目标选择以及猴子的辨别表现而受到调节。这些结果表明，lSTS可能参与线索不变的形状辨别，而uSTS则不然。
