Olsvik Pål A, Ørnsrud Robin, Lunestad Bjørn Tore, Steine Nils, Fredriksen Børge Nilsen
National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, N-5005 Bergen, Norway.
National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, N-5005 Bergen, Norway.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 May;162:23-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.03.005. Epub 2014 Mar 24.
Recently, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fish farmers have applied a combination of deltamethrin and azamethiphos in high-concentration and short-duration immersion treatment to improve protection against sea-lice (Lepeophtheirus sp.). In this work we aimed to study the effects of deltamethrin, alone or in combination with azamethiphos, on the transcription of stress and detoxification marker genes. Atlantic salmon kept at 12°C (one group was also kept at 4-5°C) were treated with deltamethrin alone or in combination with azamethiphos for a total of 40min, and gill and liver tissue harvested for transcriptional analysis 2 and 24h post treatment. No lethality was observed during the experiment. The result showed that deltamethrin, alone or in combination with azamethiphos, affected the transcriptional levels of several oxidative stress markers, including MnSOD (SOD2) and HSP70 (HSPA8) in the liver, and GPX1, CAT, MnSOD, HSP70 and GSTP1 in the gills. Significant responses for CASP3B, BCLX, IGFBP1B and ATP1A1 (Na-K-ATPase a1b) by some of the treatments suggest that the pharmaceutical drugs may affect apoptosis, growth and ion regulation mechanisms. In fish kept at 4-5°C, different effects were observed, suggesting a temperature-dependent response. In conclusion, the observed responses indicate that short-term exposure to deltamethrin has a profound effect on transcription of the evaluated markers in gills and liver of fish. Co-treatment with azamethiphos appears to have small mitigating effects on the transcriptional response caused by deltamethrin exposure alone.
最近，大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）养殖者采用了溴氰菊酯和唑磷的高浓度短时间浸泡组合处理，以增强对海虱（Lepeophtheirus sp.）的防护。在本研究中，我们旨在探究溴氰菊酯单独使用或与唑磷联合使用对压力和解毒标记基因转录的影响。将大西洋鲑鱼饲养在12°C（一组饲养在4 - 5°C），分别用溴氰菊酯单独处理或与唑磷联合处理，总共处理40分钟，处理后2小时和24小时采集鳃和肝脏组织进行转录分析。实验期间未观察到致死现象。结果表明，溴氰菊酯单独使用或与唑磷联合使用，影响了多个氧化应激标记物的转录水平，包括肝脏中的MnSOD（SOD2）和HSP70（HSPA8），以及鳃中的GPX1、CAT、MnSOD、HSP70和GSTP1。一些处理对CASP3B、BCLX、IGFBP1B和ATP1A1（Na-K-ATPase a1b）产生了显著反应，表明这些药物可能影响细胞凋亡、生长和离子调节机制。在饲养在4 - 5°C的鱼中，观察到了不同的影响，表明存在温度依赖性反应。总之，观察到的反应表明，短期接触溴氰菊酯对鱼的鳃和肝脏中评估标记物的转录有深远影响。与唑磷联合处理似乎对单独接触溴氰菊酯引起的转录反应有较小的缓解作用。
