Fellow in Hematology/Oncology, Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 May-Jun;64(3):171-85. doi: 10.3322/caac.21224. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
Increasing knowledge of the biology of melanoma has led to significant advances in drug development to fight this disease. Surgery is the primary treatment for localized disease and is an integral part of management in patients with more advanced disease. The last decade has become the era of targeted therapy in melanoma and has revolutionized the treatment of this disease. Since 2011, 4 new agents have been approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma: ipilimumab, vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and trametinib. Several new agents are currently in phase 3 trials with hopes of even more agents being approved for this once "untreatable" disease. How to integrate surgical options with more effective systemic therapies has become a new challenge for physicians. This review will provide an update on current surgical options, highlight the pathway to the development of the newly approved agents, and further discuss new treatments that are on the horizon.
黑色素瘤生物学知识的增加导致了药物开发的重大进展，以对抗这种疾病。手术是治疗局限性疾病的主要方法，也是治疗更晚期疾病患者的重要组成部分。过去十年已经成为黑色素瘤靶向治疗的时代，彻底改变了这种疾病的治疗方法。自 2011 年以来，已有 4 种新药物被批准用于治疗转移性黑色素瘤患者：易普利姆玛、威罗菲尼、达拉非尼和曲美替尼。目前有几种新药物正在进行 3 期临床试验，希望有更多的药物能被批准用于治疗这种曾经“无法治疗”的疾病。如何将手术选择与更有效的全身治疗相结合，已成为医生面临的新挑战。本文将提供当前手术选择的最新信息，重点介绍新批准药物的研发途径，并进一步讨论新的治疗方法。
