a University of Virginia , Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering , Charlottesville , Virginia.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2014;15(5):513-22. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2013.840884.
More than half of occupant lower extremity (LEX) injuries during automotive frontal crashes are in the knee-thigh-hip (KTH) complex. The objective of this study is to develop a detailed and biofidelic finite element (FE) occupant LEX model that may improve current understanding of mechanisms and thresholds of KTH injuries.
Firstly, the pelvis, thigh-knee-hip, and foot models developed in our previous studies were connected into an occupant lower limb model. Further validations, including posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) stretching, thigh lateral loading, KT, and KTH impact loading were then performed to verify the injury predictability of the model under complex frontal and lateral loading corresponding to automotive impacts. Finally, a sensitivity study was performed with the whole lower limb model to investigate the effect of the hip joint angle to acetabulum injury tolerance in frontal impacts.
The whole lower limb model proved to be stable under severe impacts along the knee, foot, and lateral components. In addition, the biomechanical and injury responses predicted by the model correlated well with the corresponding test data. An increase in hip joint extension angle from -30 to +20° relative to neutral posture showed an increase of 19 to 58 percent hip injury tolerance.
The stability and biofidelity response of the pelvis-lower limb (PLEX) model indicates its potential application in future frontal and lateral impact FE simulations.
在汽车正面碰撞中，超过一半的乘客下肢（LEX）损伤发生在膝-大腿-臀部（KTH）复合体。本研究的目的是开发一个详细且具有生物逼真度的有限元（FE）乘客 LEX 模型，以提高对 KTH 损伤机制和阈值的现有理解。
首先，将我们之前研究中开发的骨盆、大腿-膝-髋和足部模型连接成一个乘客下肢模型。然后进一步进行验证，包括后交叉韧带（PCL）拉伸、大腿外侧加载、KT 和 KTH 冲击加载，以验证模型在对应于汽车碰撞的复杂正面和侧面加载下的损伤预测能力。最后，对整个下肢模型进行了敏感性研究，以研究髋关节角度对正面碰撞中髋臼损伤容限的影响。
整个下肢模型在沿着膝盖、脚部和侧面的严重冲击下被证明是稳定的。此外，模型预测的生物力学和损伤响应与相应的测试数据很好地相关。髋关节伸展角度相对于中立姿势从-30°增加到+20°，髋部损伤容限增加了 19%至 58%。
骨盆-下肢（PLEX）模型的稳定性和生物逼真度响应表明其在未来正面和侧面冲击 FE 模拟中的潜在应用。
