Yamaya M, Zayasu K, Sekizawa K, Yamauchi K, Shimura S, Sasaki H, Takishima T
First Department of Internal Medicine, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989 Mar;66(3):1172-8. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1989.66.3.1172.
To study effects of cigarette smoke on the cytoplasmic motility (CM) of alveolar macrophages (AM), we measured remanent field strength (RFS) in dogs in vivo. Four days after instillation of ferrimagnetic particles (Fe3O4, 3 mg/kg) into the right lower lobe bronchus, RFS was measured at the body surface immediately after magnetization of the Fe3O4 particles by an externally applied magnetic field. RFS decreased with time due to particle rotation (relaxation), which is thought to be inversely related to CM of AM (J. Appl. Physiol. 55: 1196-1202, 1983). The initial relaxation curve was fitted to an exponential function. The relaxation rate (lambda 0) increased during cigarette smoke inhalation and returned to base-line values within 15 min. With the inhalation of the smoke of up to five cigarettes, peak lambda 0 was increased; with a further increase in the number of cigarettes, the effect of cigarette smoke decreased or disappeared. Nicotine injection and acetylcholine inhalation increased respiratory resistance to a degree similar to that observed with cigarette smoke but did not change lambda 0. However, either substance P (SP) or capsaicin injection increased lambda 0 in a fashion similar to that noted with cigarette smoke inhalation. Repeated administration of SP produced a significant tachyphylaxis of the effect, and capsaicin did not increase lambda 0 after the cigarette smoke-induced tachyphylaxis of the effect. Colchicine inhibited the cigarette smoke-induced increase in lambda 0. These results suggest that cigarette smoke increases CM of AM, probably through the release of tachykinins including SP from sensory nerves in the lung.
为研究香烟烟雾对肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）胞质运动（CM）的影响，我们在犬体内测量了剩余场强（RFS）。将亚铁磁性颗粒（Fe3O4，3 mg/kg）注入右下叶支气管4天后，通过外部施加磁场使Fe3O4颗粒磁化后，立即在体表测量RFS。由于颗粒旋转（弛豫），RFS随时间下降，这被认为与AM的CM呈负相关（《应用生理学杂志》55: 1196 - 1202，1983）。初始弛豫曲线拟合为指数函数。在吸入香烟烟雾期间，弛豫率（λ0）增加，并在15分钟内恢复到基线值。吸入多达五支香烟的烟雾时，λ0峰值增加；随着香烟数量进一步增加，香烟烟雾的作用减弱或消失。注射尼古丁和吸入乙酰胆碱使呼吸阻力增加的程度与香烟烟雾相似，但未改变λ0。然而，注射P物质（SP）或辣椒素均以与吸入香烟烟雾相似的方式增加λ0。重复注射SP会使该效应产生显著快速耐受性，在香烟烟雾诱导该效应产生快速耐受性后，辣椒素不会增加λ0。秋水仙碱抑制香烟烟雾诱导的λ0增加。这些结果表明，香烟烟雾可能通过从肺内感觉神经释放包括SP在内的速激肽来增加AM的CM。
