Weirich Melanie, Fuchs Susanne
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2013 Dec;56(6):S1894-908. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2013/12-0217).
The purpose of this study was to further explore the understanding of speaker-specific realizations of the /s/-/ʃ/ contrast in German in relation to individual differences in palate shape.
Two articulatory experiments were carried out with German native speakers. In the first experiment, 4 monozygotic and 2 dizygotic twin pairs were recorded by means of electromagnetic articulography. In the second experiment, 12 unrelated speakers were recorded by means of electropalatography. Interspeaker variability in the articulatory distance between the sibilants was measured and was correlated with several parameters of the palate shape.
The results were twofold: (a) Similar palatal morphologies as found in monozygotic twins yield similar articulatory realizations of the /s/-/ʃ/ contrast regarding vertical and horizontal distance of the target tongue tip positions, and (b) the realization of the contrast was influenced by palatal steepness, especially the inclination angle of the alveolo-palatal region. Speakers with flat inclination angles mainly retracted their tongue to realize the contrast, whereas speakers with steep inclination angles also elevated their tongue.
The articulatory realization of the sibilant contrast is influenced not only by speaker-specific auditory acuity, as previously observed, but also by palatal shape morphology, which affects the somatosensory feedback speakers receive.
本研究的目的是进一步探讨德语中/s/-/ʃ/对比的特定发音者实现方式与腭部形状个体差异之间的关系。
对以德语为母语的人进行了两项发音实验。在第一个实验中，通过电磁关节造影术记录了4对同卵双胞胎和2对异卵双胞胎。在第二个实验中，通过电子腭图记录了12名无亲属关系的发音者。测量了擦音之间发音距离的发音者间变异性，并将其与腭部形状的几个参数相关联。
结果有两方面：（a）同卵双胞胎中发现的类似腭部形态在目标舌尖位置的垂直和水平距离方面产生了类似的/s/-/ʃ/对比发音实现方式，并且（b）这种对比的实现受到腭部陡度的影响，特别是牙槽-腭部区域的倾斜角度。倾斜角度平缓的发音者主要通过后缩舌头来实现这种对比，而倾斜角度陡峭的发音者还会抬高舌头。
擦音对比的发音实现不仅如先前观察到的那样受到特定发音者听觉敏锐度的影响，还受到腭部形状形态的影响，腭部形状形态会影响发音者接收到的体感反馈。
