Department of Molecular Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014 Apr 1;6(4):a018713. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a018713.
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl functional groups from the lysine residues of both histone and nonhistone proteins. In humans, there are 18 HDAC enzymes that use either zinc- or NAD(+)-dependent mechanisms to deacetylate acetyl lysine substrates. Although removal of histone acetyl epigenetic modification by HDACs regulates chromatin structure and transcription, deacetylation of nonhistones controls diverse cellular processes. HDAC inhibitors are already known potential anticancer agents and show promise for the treatment of many diseases.
组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDACs）是一类能够催化组蛋白和非组蛋白赖氨酸残基乙酰基移除的酶。在人类中，有 18 种 HDAC 酶，它们利用锌离子或 NAD(+)依赖机制来使乙酰化赖氨酸底物去乙酰化。虽然 HDAC 可以通过去除组蛋白乙酰化的表观遗传修饰来调节染色质结构和转录，但非组蛋白的去乙酰化也可以控制多种细胞过程。HDAC 抑制剂已被证实是潜在的抗癌药物，并有望用于治疗多种疾病。
