Ahlhelm F, Müller U, Ulmer S
Abteilung für Neuroradiologie, Institut für Radiologie, Kantonsspital Baden AG, Im Ergel 1, 5404, Baden, Schweiz,
Radiologe. 2014 Apr;54(4):346-55. doi: 10.1007/s00117-013-2613-3.
In the region of the petrous bone, inner acoustic canal and cerebellopontine angle, a variety of different tissues can be found, such as bony, epithelial, neural and vascular structures. Tumorous or tumor-like lesions, vascular or bony malformations or other pathologies can therefore be found in all of these areas. We discuss various frequently occurring tumorous or tumor-like pathologies including congential lesions, such as mucoceles, inflammatory disorders including osteomyelitis, pseudotumors and Wegener's granulomatosis. Benign non-neoplastic lesions, such as cholesteatoma, cholesterol granuloma, epidermoid and benign neoplastic tumors, such as the most commonly found vestibular schwannoma, meningeoma, paraganglioma, vascular pathologies and finally malignant lesions, such as metastasis, chordoma or chondrosarcoma and endolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) are also discussed. The emphasis of this article is on the appearance of these entities in computed tomography (CT) and more so magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), it provides key facts and typical images and discusses possibilities how to distinguish these pathologies.
在岩骨、内耳道和桥小脑角区域，可以发现多种不同的组织，如骨组织、上皮组织、神经组织和血管结构。因此，在所有这些区域都可能发现肿瘤性或肿瘤样病变、血管或骨畸形或其他病理情况。我们讨论了各种常见的肿瘤性或肿瘤样病理情况，包括先天性病变，如黏液囊肿；炎症性疾病，如骨髓炎、假瘤和韦格纳肉芽肿。良性非肿瘤性病变，如胆脂瘤、胆固醇肉芽肿、表皮样囊肿；良性肿瘤性肿瘤，如最常见的前庭神经鞘瘤、脑膜瘤、副神经节瘤、血管病变；以及最后恶性病变，如转移瘤、脊索瘤或软骨肉瘤和内淋巴囊瘤（ELST）也在讨论范围内。本文重点在于这些病变在计算机断层扫描（CT）尤其是磁共振成像（MRI）中的表现，提供关键事实和典型图像，并讨论区分这些病理情况的方法。
