Troy Karen L, Munce Thayne A, Longworth Jessica A
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, MA , USA .
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2015;10(5):415-20. doi: 10.3109/17483107.2014.905644. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Because wheelchair users are unable to use standard fitness equipment such as treadmills and bikes, we developed an upper body rowing ergometer (UBRE) that can be retrofitted onto a standard stationary cycle and used to perform a rowing exercise. We validated a graded exercise testing protocol utilizing the UBRE and completed a 12-week pilot intervention to compare the training effects of the UBRE to a standard arm cycle ergometer (ACE) in manual wheelchair users.
Repeat graded exercise tests were compared on the two pieces of equipment. Twenty-seven manual wheelchair users participated in the intervention. Outcomes included pre- versus post-test change in shoulder pain, strength and cardiorespiratory fitness measures.
Testing results obtained with the UBRE were comparable to those on the ACE. In the exercise intervention, most outcome measures did not change significantly, but individuals assigned to the UBRE were able to increase their peak exercise test power by 31 W and duration by 3.6 min.
There is biomechanical reason to believe that rowing exercises may improve shoulder muscle balance in this population, which could reduce the risk of impingement. This may be of benefit to manual wheelchair users, who are at high risk for shoulder injury. Implications for Rehabilitation Regular exercise improves cardiorespiratory fitness and did not exacerbate shoulder pain in this group of manual wheelchair users. Exercises that target posterior shoulder muscle groups, such as rowing, may improve muscle balance and reduce the risk of shoulder impingement. Participation in exercise is hindered in this population by a high rate of secondary health conditions and difficulty accessing facilities and equipment.
由于轮椅使用者无法使用跑步机和自行车等标准健身设备，我们开发了一种可以改装到标准固定自行车上并用于进行划船运动的上身划船测力计（UBRE）。我们验证了一种利用UBRE的分级运动测试方案，并完成了一项为期12周的试点干预，以比较UBRE与标准手臂自行车测力计（ACE）对手动轮椅使用者的训练效果。
对这两种设备进行重复分级运动测试比较。27名手动轮椅使用者参与了干预。结果包括测试前后肩部疼痛、力量和心肺适能指标的变化。
使用UBRE获得的测试结果与ACE的测试结果相当。在运动干预中，大多数结果指标没有显著变化，但分配到UBRE组的个体能够将其运动测试峰值功率提高31瓦，持续时间增加3.6分钟。
有生物力学依据认为划船运动可能改善该人群的肩部肌肉平衡，从而降低撞击风险。这可能对手动轮椅使用者有益，他们肩部受伤风险较高。康复启示规律运动可改善心肺适能，且不会加重该组手动轮椅使用者的肩部疼痛。针对肩部后肌群的运动，如划船运动，可能改善肌肉平衡并降低肩部撞击风险。该人群参与运动受到继发健康状况发生率高以及获取设施和设备困难的阻碍。
