埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴新涂片阳性肺结核患者中的人类免疫缺陷病毒感染情况。

Human immunodeficiency virus infection among new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

作者信息

Mihret Adane, Bekele Yonas, Aytenew Milikit, Assefa Yilikal, Wassie Liya, Abebe Markos, Yamuah Lawrence, Aseffa Abraham, Howe Rawleigh

出版信息

Ethiop Med J. 2014 Jan;Suppl 1:1-6.

PMID:24696982

Abstract

BACKGROUND

It has been few years since the launching of provider-initiated HIV counselling and testing (PICT) for all tuberculosis (TB) suspected patients and patients presenting with signs and symptoms of TB. However, little is known about the prevalence of HIV in new smear positive confirmed TB cases in Addis Ababa.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the proportion of HIV among newly diagnosed smear positive TB cases, who were screened between February 2007 and July 2010 in Addis Ababa.

METHODS

A total of 418 pulmonary TB patients and 188 HIV positive non-TB cases were recruited from different health centres in Addis Ababa. All TB patients were tested for HIV.

RESULTS

Of the total 418 new smear positive TB patients tested for HIV, 97 (23.2%) were HIV positive. The occurrence of HIV among TB patients was significantly higher in females, 50/182 (27.7%) compared to males, 47/236 (19.7%) (P < 0.05). The mean CD4 lymphocyte count among HIV positive active TB cases was significantly lower (P < 0.05) (210 +/- 23.9 cells/microL) compared to the counts among non-TB HIV positive cases (407.01 +/- 31.3 cells/microL). The proportion of HIV was significantly higher in the age group 31-40 (46.3%) and > 41 (42.2%) year (p < 0.001) compared to younger, 18-20 (3.75%) and 21-30 (17.8%) years of age groups.

CONCLUSION

The occurrence of HIV in smear positive TB cases is high, with a higher proportion seen among females compared to males.

摘要

背景

为所有疑似结核病（TB）患者以及出现结核病体征和症状的患者开展由医护人员主动提供的HIV咨询和检测（PICT）已有数年。然而，对于亚的斯亚贝巴新确诊的涂片阳性结核病病例中的HIV流行情况知之甚少。

目的

确定2007年2月至2010年7月在亚的斯亚贝巴接受筛查的新确诊涂片阳性结核病病例中的HIV感染比例。

方法

从亚的斯亚贝巴不同的健康中心招募了418例肺结核患者和188例HIV阳性非结核病病例。所有结核病患者均接受了HIV检测。

结果

在接受HIV检测的418例新确诊涂片阳性结核病患者中，97例（23.2%）为HIV阳性。结核病患者中女性的HIV感染率显著高于男性，女性为50/182（27.7%），男性为47/236（19.7%）（P<0.05）。与非结核病HIV阳性病例（407.01±31.3个细胞/微升）相比，HIV阳性活动性结核病病例的平均CD4淋巴细胞计数显著更低（P<0.05）（210±23.9个细胞/微升）。与年龄较小的18-20岁（3.75%）和21-30岁（17.8%）年龄组相比，31-40岁（46.3%）和41岁以上（42.2%）年龄组的HIV感染比例显著更高（p<0.001）。