Faculty of Regional Environment, Tottori University, Japan; Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Japan.
Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2014 Aug;108:159-67. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.031. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Concentrations of 28 trace elements (Li, Mg, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Cs, Tl, Hg, Pb, and Bi) in the livers of juvenile and adult American alligators inhabiting two central Florida lakes, Lake Apopka (LA), and Lake Woodruff National Wildlife Refuge (LW) and one lagoon population located in Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR; NASA), were determined. In juveniles from MINWR, concentrations of nine elements (Li, Fe, Ni, Sr, In, Sb, Hg, Pb and Bi) were significantly higher, whereas six elements (V, Fe, As, Sr, Hg and Bi) were elevated in adults (p<0.05) obtained from MINWR. Significant enrichment of some trace elements in adults, relative to juveniles, was observed at all three sampling areas. Specifically, Fe, Pb and Hg were significantly elevated in adults when compared to juveniles, suggesting age-dependent accumulation of these elements. Further, As, Se and Sn showed the same trend but only in animals collected from MINWR. Mean Fe concentrations in the livers of adults from LA, LW and MINWR were 1770 μg g(-1) DW, 3690 μg g(-1) DW and 5250 μg g(-1) DW, respectively. More than half of the adult specimens from LW and MINWR exhibited elevated hepatic Fe concentrations that exceed the threshold value for toxic effects in donkey, red deer and human. These results prompted us to express our concern on possible exposure and health effects in American alligators by some trace elements derived from NASA activities.
测定了栖息在佛罗里达州中部的两个湖泊（Apopka 湖[LA]和 Woodruff 湖国家野生动物保护区[LW]）和一个位于 Merritt 岛国家野生动物保护区（MINWR；NASA）的幼年和成年美洲鳄肝脏中的 28 种微量元素（Li、Mg、Al、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、As、Se、Rb、Sr、Mo、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Sb、Cs、Tl、Hg、Pb 和 Bi）的浓度。MINWR 的幼年美洲鳄体内有 9 种元素（Li、Fe、Ni、Sr、In、Sb、Hg、Pb 和 Bi）的浓度明显较高，而 MINWR 成年美洲鳄体内有 6 种元素（V、Fe、As、Sr、Hg 和 Bi）的浓度较高（p<0.05）。在三个采样区域，成年个体的一些微量元素浓度相对于幼年个体明显升高。具体而言，与幼年个体相比，成年个体的 Fe、Pb 和 Hg 显著升高，表明这些元素随年龄增长而积累。此外，As、Se 和 Sn 也呈现出相同的趋势，但仅在 MINWR 采集的动物中表现出来。LA、LW 和 MINWR 成年美洲鳄肝脏中的平均 Fe 浓度分别为 1770μg g(-1) DW、3690μg g(-1) DW 和 5250μg g(-1) DW。LW 和 MINWR 的成年个体中，超过一半的样本肝脏中 Fe 浓度升高，超过了驴、红鹿和人类的毒性作用阈值。这些结果促使我们对 NASA 活动中某些微量元素对美洲鳄可能产生的暴露和健康影响表示关注。
