Ginawi I, Saleem Mohd, Sigh Mastan, Vaish A K, Ahmad I, Srivastava V K, Abdullah A Fahad M
Faculty, College of Medicine, University of Hail , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia .
Faculty, Department of Microbiology, King George's Medical University UP, Lucknow, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2014 Feb;8(2):81-3. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/6673.4014. Epub 2014 Feb 3.
To investigate the incidence of Nosocomial Infection (NI) and type of bacteriological isolates among the patients admitted in the medical and surgical wards of a non-teaching secondary care hospital in north India.
This was a cross-sectional hospital based study conducted in the Wards of General Medicine, General Surgery and Orthopaedic of the hospital. The patient were admitted in the department for various surgical procedures, without evidence of initial infection, were included in the study.
A total of 176 patients were included in the study of which 82 were from Medical and 94 from Surgical ward. Overall incidence of NI was found to be 26.1% (Medical ward=28%, Surgical ward=24.5%., p=0.58). The isolation rate of Acinetobacter baumanii was (p=0.15) higher among the patients of medical ward (95.7%) than surgical ward (82.6). Escherichia coli was isolated in 89.1% and no significant difference was observed between medical and surgical wards. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in 50% patients and was almost similar (p=0.37) in medical surgical wards. The isolation rate of Pseudomonos aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase negative staphylococci were 43.5%, 73.9%, 34.8% and 17.4% respectively. A significant difference was observed in the isolation rate of Enterococcus faecalis (p=0.007) and Coagulase negative staphylococci (p=0.002) between medical and surgical wards. Overall, among the patients who developed NI, 27.2% patient's bacterial isolates were Gram positive (Surgical=64.1, Medical=80%).
The incidence of NI is increasing in the hospitals, so extensive that more care has to be taken in cleaning the wards of the hospitals.
调查印度北部一家非教学二级护理医院内科和外科病房收治患者的医院感染（NI）发生率及细菌分离株类型。
这是一项基于医院的横断面研究，在该医院的普通内科、普通外科和骨科病房进行。纳入因各种外科手术入院且无初始感染证据的患者。
该研究共纳入176例患者，其中82例来自内科病房，94例来自外科病房。NI的总体发生率为26.1%（内科病房=28%，外科病房=24.5%，p=0.58）。鲍曼不动杆菌在内科病房患者中的分离率（p=0.15）高于外科病房（95.7%对82.6%）。大肠杆菌分离率为89.1%，内科和外科病房之间无显著差异。肺炎克雷伯菌在50%的患者中分离到，在内科和外科病房中几乎相似（p=0.37）。铜绿假单胞菌、粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的分离率分别为43.5%、73.9%、34.8%和17.4%。内科和外科病房在粪肠球菌（p=0.007）和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（p=0.002）的分离率上存在显著差异。总体而言，在发生NI的患者中，27.2%患者的细菌分离株为革兰阳性菌（外科=64.1%，内科=80%）。
医院中NI的发生率在增加，程度严重到必须更加注意清洁医院病房。
