Funatsu Shoichiro, Kondoh Takashi, Kawase Takahiro, Ikeda Hiromi, Nagasawa Mao, Denbow D Michael, Furuse Mitsuhiro
Nutr Neurosci. 2015 Aug;18(6):256-64. doi: 10.1179/1476830514Y.0000000124. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
Dried bonito dashi, a traditional Japanese fish stock, enhances palatability of various dishes because of its specific flavor. Daily intake of dashi has also been shown to improve mood status such as tension-anxiety in humans. This study aimed at investigating beneficial effects of dashi ingestion on anxiety/depression-like behaviors and changes in amino acid levels in the brain and plasma in rats. Male Wistar rats were given either dried bonito dashi or water for long-term (29 days; Experiment 1) or single oral administration (Experiment 2). Anxiety and depression-like behaviors were tested using the open field and forced swimming tests, respectively. Concentrations of amino acids were measured in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, and jugular vein. During the long-term (29 days) consumption, rats given 2% dashi frequently entered the center zone and spent more time compared with the water controls in the open field test. However, the dashi was ineffective on depression-like behavior. In the hippocampus, concentrations of hydroxyproline, anserine, and valine were increased by dashi while those of asparagine and phenylalanine were decreased. In the hypothalamus, the methionine concentration was decreased. In a single oral administration experiment, the dashi (1%, 2% or 10%) showed no effects on behaviors. Significance was observed only in the concentrations of α-aminoadipic acid, cystathionine, and ornithine in the hippocampus. Dried bonito dashi is a functional food having anxiolytic-like effects. Daily ingestion of the dashi, even at lower concentrations found in the cuisine, reduces anxiety and alters amino acid levels in the brain.
鲣鱼干鱼汤是一种传统的日本鱼汤，因其独特的风味而能提升各种菜肴的口感。日常摄入鱼汤还被证明可以改善人类的情绪状态，如紧张焦虑情绪。本研究旨在探讨摄入鱼汤对大鼠焦虑/抑郁样行为以及大脑和血浆中氨基酸水平变化的有益影响。雄性Wistar大鼠长期（29天；实验1）或单次口服给予鲣鱼干鱼汤或水（实验2）。分别使用旷场试验和强迫游泳试验测试焦虑和抑郁样行为。测量海马体、下丘脑、小脑和颈静脉中的氨基酸浓度。在长期（29天）摄入期间，给予2%鱼汤的大鼠在旷场试验中比饮用自来水的对照组更频繁地进入中央区域且停留时间更长。然而，鱼汤对抑郁样行为无效。在海马体中，羟脯氨酸、鹅肌肽和缬氨酸的浓度因鱼汤而升高，而天冬酰胺和苯丙氨酸的浓度则降低。在下丘脑中，蛋氨酸浓度降低。在单次口服给药实验中，鱼汤（1%、2%或10%）对行为没有影响。仅在海马体中的α-氨基己二酸、胱硫醚和鸟氨酸浓度方面观察到显著差异。鲣鱼干鱼汤是一种具有抗焦虑样作用的功能性食品。即使是日常摄入烹饪中常见的较低浓度的鱼汤，也能减轻焦虑并改变大脑中的氨基酸水平。
