Bamidis P D, Vivas A B, Styliadis C, Frantzidis C, Klados M, Schlee W, Siountas A, Papageorgiou S G
Group for Applied Neuroscience & Group for Assistive Technologies and Silverscience, Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, PO Box 376, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Cognitive Psychology and Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield International Faculty, City College, 24 Proxenou Koromila, 54622 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Jul;44:206-20. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.019. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
Maintaining a healthy brain is a critical factor for the quality of life of elderly individuals and the preservation of their independence. Challenging aging brains through cognitive training and physical exercises has shown to be effective against age-related cognitive decline and disease. But how effective are such training interventions? What is the optimal combination/strategy? Is there enough evidence from neuropsychological observations, animal studies, as well as, structural and functional neuroimaging investigations to interpret the underlying neurobiological mechanisms responsible for the observed neuroplasticity of the aging brain? This piece of work summarizes recent findings toward these questions, but also highlights the role of functional brain connectivity work, an emerging discipline for future research in healthy aging and the study of the underlying mechanisms across the life span. The ultimate aim is to conclude on recommended multimodal training, in light of contemporary trends in the design of exergaming interventions. The latter issue is discussed in conjunction with building up neuroscientific knowledge and envisaged future research challenges in mapping, understanding and training the aging brain.
保持大脑健康是老年人生活质量和维持其独立性的关键因素。通过认知训练和体育锻炼对老化大脑进行挑战已被证明对与年龄相关的认知衰退和疾病有效。但这些训练干预措施的效果如何？最佳组合/策略是什么？神经心理学观察、动物研究以及结构和功能神经影像学研究是否有足够的证据来解释导致老化大脑观察到的神经可塑性的潜在神经生物学机制？这项工作总结了针对这些问题的最新发现，同时也强调了功能性脑连接研究的作用，这是健康老龄化及整个生命周期潜在机制研究领域未来研究的一个新兴学科。最终目标是根据当前运动游戏干预设计的趋势，得出推荐的多模式训练方法。结合积累神经科学知识以及绘制、理解和训练老化大脑方面设想的未来研究挑战，对后一个问题进行了讨论。
