Burra Nicolas, Kerzel Dirk
Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l'Éducation, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Geneva Neuroscience Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Psychophysiology. 2014 Jul;51(7):685-96. doi: 10.1111/psyp.12215. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
We investigated the effects of task demands and individual differences on the allocation of attention. Using the same stimuli, participants indicated the orientation of a line contained in a shape singleton (identification task) or the presence of singletons (detection task). Shape singletons in the identification task elicited a contralateral negativity (N2pc) whereas shape singletons in the detection task elicited a contralateral positivity (Pd). We suggest that the reduction of attentional priority of a salient stimulus, reflected by the Pd, occurred more rapidly with the less demanding detection task. Further, fewer distractible participants showed a larger N2pc to lateral color distractors than highly distractible participants. We suggest that highly distractible participants developed compensatory mechanisms to suppress distracting stimuli.
我们研究了任务需求和个体差异对注意力分配的影响。使用相同的刺激，参与者指出形状单独物中包含的线条的方向（识别任务）或单独物的存在（检测任务）。识别任务中的形状单独物引发了对侧负波（N2pc），而检测任务中的形状单独物引发了对侧正波（Pd）。我们认为，由Pd反映的显著刺激的注意力优先级降低，在要求较低的检测任务中发生得更快。此外，与高度易分心的参与者相比，较不易分心的参与者对侧向颜色干扰物表现出更大的N2pc。我们认为，高度易分心的参与者发展出了补偿机制来抑制干扰刺激。
