Jönsson Patrik D, Nunstedt Håkan, Berglund Inger J, Ahlström Britt H, Hedelin Birgitta, Skärsäter Ingela, Jormfeldt Henrika
Department of Research, Development and Education (FoUU), Region of Halland, Halmstad, Sweden; School of Social and Health Sciences, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden;
Department of Nursing, Health and Culture, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being. 2014 Apr 8;9:22945. doi: 10.3402/qhw.v9.22945. eCollection 2014.
Mental illness is increasing worldwide, while society's response seems to be a trend toward narrower and more specialized mental health care. This development is creating great demands on mental health nurses to include a health promotion perspective in care and support of persons with mental illness. A health promotion perspective emphasizes cooperation and communication with people who suffer from long-term mental illness, focusing on their independence and health. From a health perspective, every human being is an actor in his/her own life, with an inherent ability to make his/her own choices. However, persons who suffer from long-term mental illness are at risk of losing power and control over areas of their lives and their health. Mental health nurses are in a position to support these individuals in promoting health and in maintaining or regaining control over their lives. The emphasis of this paper is to problematize mental health nurses' responsibility to provide health-promoting nursing care in relation to empowerment by means of emancipation, self-efficacy, and self-management. We argue that mental health nurses can work from a health-promoting perspective by using these concepts and that this challenges some of the traditional ideas of health promotion in mental health nursing. The theoretical background discussions in this paper have their origin in the research network "Mental Health Nursing Research in Scandinavia" (MeHNuRse) and from the professional discussions developed during a 2012 workshop that included mental health nurses and researchers at the European Horatio Festival in Stockholm.
全球范围内精神疾病发病率不断上升，而社会的应对方式似乎呈现出一种向更狭义、更专业化精神卫生保健发展的趋势。这种发展对精神科护士提出了巨大要求，即在对精神疾病患者的护理和支持中纳入健康促进视角。健康促进视角强调与患有长期精神疾病的人合作与沟通，关注他们的独立性和健康状况。从健康角度来看，每个人都是自己生活的参与者，具有做出自身选择的内在能力。然而，患有长期精神疾病的人有可能在生活和健康方面失去掌控力。精神科护士能够支持这些个体促进健康，并维持或重新掌控自己的生活。本文重点探讨精神科护士在通过解放、自我效能和自我管理实现赋权方面提供促进健康护理的责任问题。我们认为，精神科护士可以通过运用这些概念从健康促进视角开展工作，这对精神卫生护理中一些传统的健康促进观念构成了挑战。本文的理论背景讨论源自“斯堪的纳维亚精神卫生护理研究”（MeHNuRse）研究网络，以及2012年在斯德哥尔摩欧洲霍雷肖节期间举行的一次研讨会中精神科护士和研究人员展开的专业讨论。
