Haiducu Marius L, Hinek Anna, Astanehe Arezoo, Lee Tim K, Kalia Sunil
aDepartment of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia bPhotomedicine Institute, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Melanoma Res. 2014 Aug;24(4):377-80. doi: 10.1097/CMR.0000000000000075.
The epidemiology of extracutaneous melanoma (ECM) is sparsely reported upon in the literature, and studies to date have been limited both by time and by geographic gaps in available data. Utilizing a comprehensive provincial cancer registry, we sought to analyze the incidence and survival rates of ECM on the basis of sex and anatomic distribution for the British Columbia, Canada population. Data on ECMs diagnosed between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 2006 were obtained from the BC Cancer Registry. Anatomical sites of ECM were classified on the basis of ICD-9 codes, and incidence rates for each site were age standardized and grouped by sex. The 5-year survival rate for each anatomical grouping was tracked until 31 December 2011. A total of 922 primary ECMs were recorded in the BC Cancer Registry between 1992 and 2006, representing 5.1% of melanoma incidence. Ocular melanomas were most frequently reported, with an age-standardized incidence rate (per million) of 10.6 for men and 8.5 for women. ECM patients were generally older at diagnosis and had poorer survival rates compared with cutaneous melanoma cases. Five-year survival rates for ECM varied markedly from 23.5% for genital lesions to 87.0% for ocular cases. Our ECM epidemiology results are largely consistent with previous studies from the USA and Europe. Where considerable differences in reported values do exist, the opportunity arises to assess the efficacy of melanoma detection, monitoring, and treatment strategies in different geographic regions. Our study represents the largest epidemiological investigation of ECM in Canada and provides a framework for future epidemiological comparisons.
皮肤外黑色素瘤（ECM）的流行病学在文献中的报道较少，迄今为止的研究在时间和可用数据的地理差距方面都受到限制。利用一个全面的省级癌症登记处，我们试图根据加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省人群的性别和解剖分布来分析ECM的发病率和生存率。1992年1月1日至2006年12月31日期间诊断为ECM的数据来自卑诗省癌症登记处。ECM的解剖部位根据国际疾病分类第九版（ICD - 9）编码进行分类，每个部位的发病率按年龄标准化并按性别分组。每个解剖分组的5年生存率一直追踪到2011年12月31日。1992年至2006年期间，卑诗省癌症登记处共记录了922例原发性ECM，占黑色素瘤发病率的5.1%。眼部黑色素瘤报告最为频繁，男性年龄标准化发病率（每百万）为10.6，女性为8.5。与皮肤黑色素瘤病例相比，ECM患者诊断时年龄普遍较大，生存率较低。ECM的5年生存率差异显著，从生殖器病变的23.5%到眼部病例的87.0%不等。我们关于ECM流行病学的结果在很大程度上与美国和欧洲以前的研究一致。在报告值确实存在相当大差异的地方，就有机会评估不同地理区域黑色素瘤检测、监测和治疗策略的有效性。我们的研究是加拿大对ECM进行的最大规模的流行病学调查，并为未来的流行病学比较提供了一个框架。
