Kim Eun Jin, Lee Dokyung, Moon Se Hoon, Lee Chan Hee, Kim Dong Wook
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea, Institute of Pharmacological Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Republic of Korea.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014 Jun 28;24(6):725-31. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1403.03063.
The classical biotype strains of the Vibrio cholerae O1 serogroup harbor the biotype-specific cholera-toxin encoding phage (CTX) CTX(cla), and the El Tor biotype strains contain CTX-1. Although the classical biotype strains have become extinct, a remnant of classical CTX phage is transferred to the El Tor biotype strains. The prototype El Tor strains, which produce the biotype-specific cholera toxin, are now being replaced by atypical El Tor variant strains producing classical biotype cholera toxin. The genome sequences of the CTX phages in atypical El Tor strains indicate that the CTX phages in atypical El Tor strains are a mosaic of CTXcla and CTX-1. Before the emergence of atypical El Tor stains in the early 1990s, unusual pre-seventh pandemic strains were isolated in the US Gulf Coast between 1973 and 1986. These strains have characteristics of atypical El Tor strains since they are El Tor biotype strains containing CTX(cla), yet the genome sequence of this CTX phage indicates that it is different from CTXcla and is therefore classified separately as CTX(US Gulf).
霍乱弧菌O1血清群的经典生物型菌株携带生物型特异性霍乱毒素编码噬菌体（CTX）CTX(cla)，而埃尔托生物型菌株含有CTX-1。尽管经典生物型菌株已灭绝，但经典CTX噬菌体的残余部分转移到了埃尔托生物型菌株中。产生生物型特异性霍乱毒素的原型埃尔托菌株，现在正被产生经典生物型霍乱毒素的非典型埃尔托变异菌株所取代。非典型埃尔托菌株中CTX噬菌体的基因组序列表明，非典型埃尔托菌株中的CTX噬菌体是CTXcla和CTX-1的嵌合体。在20世纪90年代初非典型埃尔托菌株出现之前，1973年至1986年间在美国墨西哥湾沿岸分离出了不寻常的第七次大流行前菌株。这些菌株具有非典型埃尔托菌株的特征，因为它们是含有CTX(cla)的埃尔托生物型菌株，但这种CTX噬菌体的基因组序列表明它与CTXcla不同，因此被单独分类为CTX(美国海湾)。
