Girotra Priti, Singh Shailendra Kumar, Saini Deepika
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G. J. University of Sci. & Tech., Hisar-125001, India.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2014;13(5):776-91. doi: 10.2174/1871527313666140414120956.
The etiology of migraine, a neurological disorder, has still not been clearly established, although it may be categorized as a headache disorder with specific characteristics such as focal neurological symptoms preceding or accompanying the headache. Many researchers have suggested genetic predisposition as one of the underlying causes of migraine. An insight into the various pathophysiological mechanisms such as the role of cortical spreading depression, abnormal brain stem activity, trigeminal nerves, calcitonin gene related peptide, nitric oxide and serotonin receptors in the development of migraine, has been conferred in the present article. The accurate diagnosis of migraine and identification of its type is a prerequisite for appropriate therapy. Ample opportunity still exists for the improvement in the safety, efficacy and tolerance capacity of the currently available antimigraine medications, through the design and development of targeted drug delivery system. In the present review, an attempt has been made to highlight all the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine, its diagnosis, treatment and therapeutic area to be explored including mitigation of biochemical pathways and gene therapy.
偏头痛是一种神经系统疾病，尽管它可被归类为具有特定特征（如头痛之前或伴随头痛出现的局灶性神经症状）的头痛疾病，但其病因仍未明确确立。许多研究人员认为遗传易感性是偏头痛的潜在病因之一。本文阐述了对各种病理生理机制的见解，如皮层扩散性抑制、脑干活动异常、三叉神经、降钙素基因相关肽、一氧化氮和5-羟色胺受体在偏头痛发病过程中的作用。准确诊断偏头痛并确定其类型是进行适当治疗的前提。通过设计和开发靶向给药系统，目前可用的抗偏头痛药物在安全性、有效性和耐受性方面仍有很大的改进空间。在本综述中，已尝试突出偏头痛所有潜在的病理生理机制、其诊断、治疗以及有待探索的治疗领域，包括生物化学途径的缓解和基因治疗。
