Bender Kimberly, Ferguson Kristin, Thompson Sanna, Langenderfer Lisa
Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, 2148 South High Street, Denver, CO 80208, USA.
Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College, The City University of New York, 2180 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10035, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Oct;38(10):1628-35. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.03.001. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
Literature reports high rates of street victimization among homeless youth and recognizes psychiatric symptoms associated with such victimization. Few studies have investigated the existence of victimization classes that differ in type and frequency of victimization and how youth in such classes differ in psychiatric profiles. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to examine whether classes of homeless youth, based on both type and frequency of victimization experiences, differ in rates of meeting diagnostic criteria for major depressive episodes and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of homeless youth (N=601) from three regions of the United States. Results suggest youth who experience high levels of direct and indirect victimization (high-victimization class) share similarly high rates of depressive episodes and PTSD as youth who experience primarily indirect victimization only (witness class). Rates of meeting criteria for depressive episodes and PTSD were nearly two and three times greater, respectively, among the high victimization and witness classes compared to youth who never or rarely experienced victimization. Findings suggest the need for screening and intervention for homeless youth who report direct and indirect victimization and youth who report indirect victimization only, while prevention efforts may be more relevant for youth who report limited victimization experience.
文献报道无家可归青少年遭受街头侵害的比例很高，并认识到与此类侵害相关的精神症状。很少有研究调查不同类型和频率的侵害类别是否存在，以及此类类别中的青少年在精神状况方面有何不同。我们使用潜在类别分析（LCA）来检验，在美国三个地区的一个无家可归青少年样本（N = 601）中，基于侵害经历的类型和频率划分的无家可归青少年类别，在符合重度抑郁发作和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）诊断标准的比率上是否存在差异。结果表明，经历高程度直接和间接侵害的青少年（高侵害类别）与仅经历主要是间接侵害的青少年（目睹类别）相比，抑郁发作和PTSD的比率同样高。与从未或很少经历侵害的青少年相比，高侵害类别和目睹类别中符合抑郁发作和PTSD标准的比率分别高出近两倍和三倍。研究结果表明，对于报告直接和间接侵害的无家可归青少年以及仅报告间接侵害的青少年，需要进行筛查和干预，而预防措施可能与报告有限侵害经历的青少年更为相关。
