Yu Jing, Su Tao, Zhou Ting, He Yingge, Lu Jing, Li Juan, He Rongqiao
Center on Ageing Psychology, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Neurosci Bull. 2014 Apr;30(2):172-84. doi: 10.1007/s12264-013-1416-x. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Recent studies have shown that the abnormal accumulation of endogenous formaldehyde could be a critical factor in age-related cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to estimate the correlation between uric formaldehyde and general cognitive abilities in a community-based elderly population, and to measure the extent and direction in which the correlation varied with demographic characteristics. Using a double-blind design, formaldehyde in human urine was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (n = 604), and general cognitive abilities were measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Demographic characteristics, in terms of age, gender, residential region, and education were taken into consideration. We found that uric formaldehyde levels were inversely correlated with the MoCA score, and the concentration varied with demographic features: higher odds of a high formaldehyde level occurred among the less educated and those living in old urban or rural areas. In cytological experiments, the level of cellular formaldehyde released into the medium increased as SH-SY5Y and BV2 cells were incubated for three days. Formaldehyde in excess impaired the processes of N2a cells and neurites of primary cultured rat hippocampal cells. However, removal of formaldehyde markedly rescued and regenerated the processes of N2a cells. These results demonstrated a negative correlation between the endogenous formaldehyde and general cognitive abilities. High formaldehyde levels could be a risk factor for cognitive impairment in older adults, and could be developed as a non-invasive marker for detection and monitoring of age-related cognitive impairment.
最近的研究表明，内源性甲醛的异常积累可能是与年龄相关的认知衰退的关键因素。本研究的目的是评估社区老年人群中尿甲醛与一般认知能力之间的相关性，并衡量这种相关性随人口统计学特征变化的程度和方向。采用双盲设计，通过高效液相色谱法分析人尿中的甲醛（n = 604），并使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）测量一般认知能力。考虑了年龄、性别、居住地区和教育程度等人口统计学特征。我们发现尿甲醛水平与MoCA评分呈负相关，且浓度随人口统计学特征而变化：在受教育程度较低以及生活在老旧城市或农村地区的人群中，甲醛水平较高的几率更大。在细胞学实验中，随着SH-SY5Y和BV2细胞培养三天，释放到培养基中的细胞甲醛水平升高。过量的甲醛会损害N2a细胞的进程以及原代培养的大鼠海马细胞的神经突。然而，去除甲醛可显著挽救并使N2a细胞的进程再生。这些结果表明内源性甲醛与一般认知能力之间存在负相关。高甲醛水平可能是老年人认知障碍的一个危险因素，并且可以开发成为一种用于检测和监测与年龄相关的认知障碍的非侵入性标志物。
