Vadivelu Nalini, Gowda Anusha M, Urman Richard D, Jolly Suneil, Kodumudi Vijay, Maria Monisa, Taylor Robert, Pergolizzi Joseph V
Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.A.
Pain Pract. 2015 Feb;15(2):175-93. doi: 10.1111/papr.12198. Epub 2014 Apr 16.
Opioids have long been used for analgesic purposes for a wide range of procedures. However, the binding of these drugs to opiate receptors has created various challenges to the clinician due to unfavorable side effect profiles and the potential for tolerance and abuse. In 1989, ketorolac became an approved nonsteroidal inflammatory drug (NSAID) for injectable use as an analgesic. Over the last 20 years, numerous studies have been conducted involving ketorolac. These studies have provided additional information about various routes of administration and their effect on the efficacy and the side effect profile of ketorolac. Moreover, ketorolac has been compared with several widely used analgesics. This review evaluates both the potential benefits and potential drawbacks of ketorolac generally, and specifically discusses routes of administration, including their advantages and disadvantages when compared to several traditional analgesics in both inpatient and outpatient settings.
长期以来，阿片类药物一直被用于多种手术的镇痛目的。然而，由于不良的副作用以及耐受性和滥用的可能性，这些药物与阿片受体的结合给临床医生带来了各种挑战。1989年，酮咯酸成为一种获批的可注射使用的非甾体类抗炎药（NSAID），用作镇痛药。在过去20年里，已经开展了许多涉及酮咯酸的研究。这些研究提供了关于各种给药途径及其对酮咯酸疗效和副作用影响的更多信息。此外，还将酮咯酸与几种广泛使用的镇痛药进行了比较。本综述总体评估了酮咯酸的潜在益处和潜在缺点，并特别讨论了给药途径，包括在住院和门诊环境中与几种传统镇痛药相比时的优缺点。
