Yokoyama Katsunori, Hirao Tomohiro, Yoda Takeshi, Yoshioka Akira, Shirakami Gotaro
Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kagawa University.
J Occup Health. 2014;56(3):197-204. doi: 10.1539/joh.13-0295-oa. Epub 2014 Apr 17.
To clarify effort-reward imbalance among eldercare workers in nursing homes and to examine the association between the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and low back pain (LBP) among them.
A total of 549 questionnaires were distributed to a random sample comprising 23% of the 79 special elderly nursing homes in Kagawa in 2013. A total of 467 eldercare workers (response rate 85%) participated in this study. Of the 467 eligible respondents, 372 (80%) completed all items of the ERI questionnaire. Complete data were available for 342 (73%) eldercare workers.
Of the 342 respondents, 215 (63%) had LBP at the time of the study, and 291 (85%) showed a critical "high cost/low gain" condition as determined by an effort-reward ratio >1. Multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, previous LBP experience, high-risk work and K6 score showed that eldercare workers with a high ERI had a higher risk for LBP than workers with a low ERI (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.02-3.77).
Most eldercare workers have a high ERI, and their LBP is associated with their ERI. Balancing effort and reward may be an important factor for improving LBP among eldercare workers in nursing homes.
阐明养老院老年护理工作者的付出-回报失衡情况，并研究其付出-回报失衡（ERI）与下背痛（LBP）之间的关联。
2013年，向香川县79家特殊养老院中随机抽取的占比23%的养老院发放了549份问卷。共有467名老年护理工作者（回复率85%）参与了本研究。在467名符合条件的受访者中，372人（80%）完成了ERI问卷的所有项目。342名（73%）老年护理工作者有完整数据。
在342名受访者中，215人（63%）在研究时患有下背痛，291人（85%）的付出-回报比>1，显示出严重的“高成本/低收益”状况。在对年龄、性别、既往下背痛经历、高风险工作和K6评分进行调整的多元逻辑回归分析中，ERI高的老年护理工作者患下背痛的风险高于ERI低的工作者（比值比，1.96；95%置信区间，1.02 - 3.77）。
大多数老年护理工作者的ERI较高，他们的下背痛与ERI有关。平衡付出和回报可能是改善养老院老年护理工作者下背痛的一个重要因素。
