Brownlow Janeese A, Brown Tyish S Hall, Mellman Thomas A
Department of Psychology, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2014 Apr;27(2):217-23. doi: 10.1002/jts.21906.
Disturbed sleep is a prominent feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD and disrupted sleep have been independently linked to cognitive deficits; however, synergistic effects of PTSD and poor sleep on cognition have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of PTSD symptoms and objectively measured disruptions to sleep on cognitive function. Forty-four young-adult African American urban residents comprised the study sample. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; Blake et al., 1995) was utilized to determine the severity of PTSD symptoms. Participants underwent 2 consecutive nights of polysomnography. The Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Reeves, Winter, Bleiberg, & Kang, ) was utilized to assess sustained attention and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (Schmidt, ) was used to evaluate verbal memory. PTSD symptom severity, r(42) = .40, p = .007, was significantly associated with omission errors on the sustained attention task, and sleep duration, r(42) = .41, p = .006, and rapid eye movement sleep, r(42) = .43, p = .003, were positively correlated with verbal memory. There was an interaction of PTSD symptom severity and sleep duration on omission errors such that more than 7 hours 12 minutes of sleep mitigated attentional lapses that were associated with PTSD.
睡眠障碍是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的一个突出特征。PTSD和睡眠中断已分别与认知缺陷相关联；然而，PTSD和睡眠不佳对认知的协同作用尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是检验PTSD症状以及客观测量的睡眠中断对认知功能的影响。44名非洲裔美国城市青年居民构成了研究样本。使用临床医生管理的PTSD量表（CAPS；Blake等人，1995年）来确定PTSD症状的严重程度。参与者连续两晚进行多导睡眠监测。使用自动神经心理评估指标（Reeves、Winter、Bleiberg和Kang）来评估持续注意力，并使用雷伊听觉词语学习测验（Schmidt）来评估言语记忆。PTSD症状严重程度r（42）=0.40，p = 0.007，与持续注意力任务中的遗漏错误显著相关，睡眠时长r（42）=0.41，p = 0.006，以及快速眼动睡眠r（42）=0.43，p = 0.003，与言语记忆呈正相关。PTSD症状严重程度和睡眠时长在遗漏错误上存在交互作用，即睡眠超过7小时12分钟可减轻与PTSD相关的注意力失误。
