专利：一种将创新从实验室推向市场的工具。

Patents: a tool to bring innovation from the lab bench to the marketplace.

作者信息

Li Z Ying, Meyer Wolfram

机构信息

Ropes & Gray LLP, 1211 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10036-8704, USA,

出版信息

Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1152:297-310. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0563-8_18.

DOI:10.1007/978-1-4939-0563-8_18

PMID:24744041

Abstract

Intellectual property (IP) is creations of the mind. Protecting IP through patents is an important venue for a researcher to reap rewards from his scientific endeavors. It is part of a competitive strategy for bringing one's invention to the marketplace. Using the US and European patent systems as examples, we provide here an overview of how patents protect innovation, with a focus on biotechnology. We explain what a patent is, what a patent owner can do with a patent, and how patents are granted. The article ends with some recent examples of noteworthy patents in the field of yeast research.

摘要

知识产权（IP）是智力创造。通过专利保护知识产权是研究人员从其科学努力中获得回报的重要途径。这是将个人发明推向市场的竞争战略的一部分。本文以美国和欧洲专利制度为例，概述专利如何保护创新，重点是生物技术领域。我们解释了什么是专利、专利所有者对专利可以做什么以及专利是如何授予的。文章最后列举了酵母研究领域一些近期值得关注的专利实例。