Bode P K, Moch H
Institut für Klinische Pathologie, Universitätsspital Zürich, Schmelzbergstr. 12, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz,
Pathologe. 2014 May;35(3):224-31. doi: 10.1007/s00292-014-1898-y.
Testicular germ cell tumors are generally rare but represent the most common solid neoplasms in young men. They are subdivided into seminomas and non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Usually the diagnosis of a seminoma is straightforward due to the characteristic morphology, although problems in differential diagnosis can occur because of unusual histological growth patterns. This article describes the challenging differential diagnosis with respect to seminomas versus non-seminomatous germ cell tumors, sex cord stromal tumors, lymphomas and non-neoplastic conditions, such as scars and inflammatory changes. In addition, prognostic factors for seminomas are presented and discussed.
睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤总体上较为罕见，但却是年轻男性中最常见的实体瘤。它们可细分为精原细胞瘤和非精原细胞性生殖细胞肿瘤。通常，由于其特征性形态，精原细胞瘤的诊断较为直接，不过，由于不寻常的组织学生长模式，鉴别诊断中可能会出现问题。本文描述了精原细胞瘤与非精原细胞性生殖细胞肿瘤、性索间质肿瘤、淋巴瘤以及非肿瘤性病变（如瘢痕和炎症改变）之间具有挑战性的鉴别诊断。此外，还介绍并讨论了精原细胞瘤的预后因素。
