Manikandan A, Vijaya J Judith, Narayanan S, Kennedy L John
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014 Mar;14(3):2507-14. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8499.
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on ZnO nanostructures with two different morphologies, such as nanowires (ZNWs) and nanoparticles (ZNPs), were synthesized by microwave combustion (MCM) and conventional combustion (CCM) method. The obtained ZnO nanostructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), diffuse reflectance (DRS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The XRD results confirmed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO. The crystallite size of the ZnO nanostructures was calculated using Sherrer's formula. The formation of ZNWs and ZNPs was confirmed by HR-SEM and HR-TEM. The optical absorption and PL emissions were determined by DRS and PL spectra respectively. ZnO nanostructures with band gap energies of 3.36 eV (MCM) and 3.25 eV (CCM) were obtained. The dye-sensitized ZnO nanowire arrays exhibit much stronger optical absorption as compared with ZnO nanoparticle arrays, suggesting that the larger surface area improves light harvesting. The dye-sensitized solar cell based on the optimized ZnO nanowires array reaches a conversion efficiency of 1.73%, which is higher than that obtained from ZnO nanoparticles (0.69%) under the light radiation of 1000 W/m2. As-prepared ZNWs have potential applications in fabricating next generation nanodevices.
通过微波燃烧（MCM）和传统燃烧（CCM）方法合成了基于两种不同形态的氧化锌纳米结构的染料敏化太阳能电池（DSSC），这两种形态分别为纳米线（ZNW）和纳米颗粒（ZNP）。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（HR-SEM）、高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HR-TEM）、能量色散X射线分析（EDX）、漫反射（DRS）和光致发光（PL）光谱对所得的氧化锌纳米结构进行了表征。XRD结果证实了六方纤锌矿型氧化锌的形成。使用谢乐公式计算了氧化锌纳米结构的微晶尺寸。通过HR-SEM和HR-TEM证实了ZNW和ZNP的形成。分别通过DRS和PL光谱测定了光吸收和PL发射。获得了带隙能量为3.36 eV（MCM）和3.25 eV（CCM）的氧化锌纳米结构。与氧化锌纳米颗粒阵列相比，染料敏化氧化锌纳米线阵列表现出更强的光吸收，这表明更大的表面积提高了光捕获能力。基于优化的氧化锌纳米线阵列的染料敏化太阳能电池在1000 W/m²的光辐射下达到了1.73%的转换效率，高于从氧化锌纳米颗粒获得的转换效率（
