Environmental Resource Studies Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8, Canada.
Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, Ontario K9J 7B8 Canada.
Environ Pollut. 2014 Jul;190:150-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.03.023. Epub 2014 Apr 18.
Highways are major sources of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3). In this study, springtime NO2 and NH3 concentrations were measured at 17 Ontario Forest Biomonitoring Network (OFBN) plots using passive samplers. Average springtime NO2 concentrations were between 1.3 μg m(-3) and 27 μg m(-3), and NH3 concentrations were between 0.2 μg m(-3) and 1.7 μg m(-3), although concentrations measured in May (before leaf out) were typically twice as high as values recorded in June. Average NO2 concentrations, and to a lesser extent NH3, could be predicted by road density at all radii (around the plot) tested (500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m). Springtime NO2 concentrations were predicted for a further 50 OFBN sites. Normalized plant/lichen N concentrations were positively correlated with estimated springtime NO2 and NH3 concentrations. Epiphytic foliose lichen richness decreased with increasing NO2 and NH3, but vascular plant richness was positively related to estimated springtime NO2 and NH3.
高速公路是二氧化氮 (NO2) 和氨 (NH3) 的主要来源。在这项研究中，使用被动采样器在 17 个安大略省森林生物监测网络 (OFBN) 站点测量了春季的 NO2 和 NH3 浓度。平均春季 NO2 浓度在 1.3μg/m(-3) 到 27μg/m(-3) 之间，NH3 浓度在 0.2μg/m(-3) 到 1.7μg/m(-3) 之间，尽管 5 月（叶子长出前）测量的浓度通常是 6 月记录值的两倍。在所有测试半径（站点周围）的道路密度都可以预测平均 NO2 浓度，以及在较小程度上的 NH3 浓度（500m、1000m、1500m）。还预测了另外 50 个 OFBN 站点的春季 NO2 浓度。归一化的植物/地衣氮浓度与估计的春季 NO2 和 NH3 浓度呈正相关。附生叶状地衣丰富度随着 NO2 和 NH3 的增加而减少，但维管束植物丰富度与估计的春季 NO2 和 NH3 呈正相关。
