Huang Xinhua, Zheng Sudan, Kim Il
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2014 Feb;14(2):1631-46. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8750.
This paper reviews the recent research and development of hyperbranched polymers (HPs) and dendrimers, and their use as templates for organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials. Hyperbranched polymers (HPs) are highly branched macromolecules with three-dimensional globular structures featuring unique properties such as low viscosity, high solubility, and a large number of terminal functional groups compared to their linear analogs. They are easily prepared by (1) condensation polymerization, (2) self-condensing vinyl copolymerization (SCVCP), and (3) ring-opening multibranch polymerization methods. Organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials are synthesized by a template approach using HPs/dendrimers. Monometallic, bimetallic (alloy and core/shell), semiconductor, and metal oxide nanoparticles have been prepared by this route. The dendrimer component of these composites serves not only as a template for preparing the nanoparticles but also as a stabilizer for the nanoparticles.
本文综述了超支化聚合物（HPs）和树枝状大分子的最新研究进展，以及它们作为有机-无机杂化纳米材料模板的应用。超支化聚合物（HPs）是具有三维球状结构的高度支化大分子，与线性类似物相比，具有诸如低粘度、高溶解性和大量末端官能团等独特性质。它们可通过以下方法轻松制备：（1）缩聚反应，（2）自缩合乙烯基共聚反应（SCVCP），以及（3）开环多支化聚合方法。有机-无机杂化纳米材料是通过使用HPs/树枝状大分子的模板法合成的。通过该途径已制备出单金属、双金属（合金和核/壳结构）、半导体和金属氧化物纳米颗粒。这些复合材料中的树枝状大分子组分不仅作为制备纳米颗粒的模板，还作为纳米颗粒的稳定剂。
