Aquatic Toxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, U.P., India,
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2014 Aug;67(2):203-13. doi: 10.1007/s00244-014-0024-8. Epub 2014 Apr 23.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of heavy-metal contamination on two fish species (Channa striatus and Heteropneustes fossilis) inhabiting a small freshwater body of northern India. After being captured, each specimen was weighed, measured, and analyzed for heavy metals (chromium [Cr], nickel [Ni], and lead [Pb]). Accumulation of heavy metals was found to be significantly greater (p < 0.05) in different tissues (gill, liver, kidney, and muscle) of fishes captured from the reservoir than from the reference site. Levels of heavy-metal contamination in Shah jamal water was Cr (1.51 mg/l) > Ni (1.22 mg/l) > Pb (0.38 mg/l), which is significantly greater than World Health Organization standards. Bioaccumulation factor was calculated, and it was observed that Pb was most detrimental heavy metal. Condition factor was also influenced. Micronucleus test of fish erythrocytes and comet assay of liver cells confirmed genotoxicity induced by heavy-metal contamination in fishes. Heavy metals (Cr, Ni, and Pb) were increased in both fish species as determined using recommended values of Federal Environmental Protection Agency for edible fishes. This raises a serious concern because these fishes are consumed by the local populations and hence would ultimately affect human health.
本研究旨在评估重金属污染对印度北部一个小型淡水水体中两种鱼类（条纹石鮨和纹唇鱼）的影响。在捕获后，对每个标本进行称重、测量，并分析重金属（铬[Cr]、镍[Ni]和铅[Pb]）的含量。结果发现，从水库中捕获的鱼类的不同组织（鳃、肝、肾和肌肉）中重金属的积累明显更高（p < 0.05）。沙贾马尔水中的重金属污染水平为 Cr（1.51 mg/l）> Ni（1.22 mg/l）> Pb（0.38 mg/l），明显高于世界卫生组织的标准。计算了生物蓄积因子，结果表明 Pb 是最有害的重金属。同时也影响了条件因子。鱼红细胞的微核试验和肝细胞的彗星试验证实了重金属污染对鱼类的遗传毒性。使用美国联邦环境保护局推荐的食用鱼类值，确定两种鱼类的重金属（Cr、Ni 和 Pb）含量均有所增加。这引起了严重的关注，因为这些鱼类被当地居民食用，最终会影响人类健康。
