Wang Yu, Feng Qi, Chen Li-Juan, Yu Teng-Fei
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2014 Jan;25(1):211-8.
In the arid inland area of Northwest China, the ecological water transfer and rehabilitation project (EWTRP) is an important measure to restore the deteriorated ecosystem. However, the sustainability of the project is affected by many socio-economic factors. This research was based on results of the questionnaire from Ejina County's farmer households, which included the farmer households' attitude, livelihood and the efficiency of the water resource usage. The results showed that although the EWTRP had made great achievements in vegetation restoration, but the sustainability of the project was affected by the following factors: the ecologically-motivated relocated/resettled herdsmen mainly relied on the compensation from the project, causing them a hard living, and increasing the risk of maintaining the current achievement; the project didn't have a positive impact on water-saving agriculture, the efficiency of water usage was relatively low and had not yet reached the final goal; the compensation of the project only considered the loss of agriculture, but neglected the externality and publicity of eco-water. We suggest that developing education, offering job opportunity and training programs, improving the efficiency of water usage and establishing reasonable water resources compensation mechanisms are needed to be considered as main domain of environmental recovery as well as ecological water transfer and rehabilitation.
在中国西北干旱内陆地区，生态输水与生态修复工程是恢复退化生态系统的一项重要举措。然而，该工程的可持续性受到诸多社会经济因素的影响。本研究基于额济纳旗农户的问卷调查结果，涵盖了农户的态度、生计以及水资源利用效率等方面。结果表明，尽管生态输水与生态修复工程在植被恢复方面取得了巨大成就，但该工程的可持续性受到以下因素影响：因生态原因搬迁安置的牧民主要依赖工程补偿维持生计，生活艰难，且维持现有成果的风险增大；该工程对节水农业未产生积极影响，用水效率相对较低，尚未达到最终目标；工程补偿仅考虑了农业损失，却忽视了生态水的外部性和公益性。我们建议，发展教育、提供就业机会和培训项目、提高用水效率以及建立合理的水资源补偿机制，应被视为环境恢复以及生态输水与生态修复的主要领域。
