Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina.
Mitochondrion. 2014 Jul;17:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.04.010. Epub 2014 Apr 24.
Fruit ripening is a genetically programmed process which leads to an assortment of physiological and metabolic changes that irreversibly alter its characteristics. Depending on the species, fruit maturation can be either climacteric or non-climacteric. In both cases there is a metabolic shift from normal development conditions toward the fully mature state, but climacteric fruit is characterized by a sharp increase in respiration. In non-climacteric fruit, that generally does not display this feature, respiration changes can be affected by processes related to postharvest storage. This review describes some of the many ways in which mitochondrial metabolism is implicated in this crucial reproductive stage, such as the connection between ethylene production and respiration rate, the involvement of alternative oxidase (AOX) and plant uncoupling mitochondrial protein (PUMP) during the ripening and the common alterations of this organelle in fruits affected by different stress conditions.
果实成熟是一个由基因编程的过程，导致一系列生理和代谢变化，不可逆转地改变其特性。根据物种的不同，果实成熟可以是呼吸跃变型的或非呼吸跃变型的。在这两种情况下，都有一个从正常发育条件到完全成熟状态的代谢转变，但呼吸跃变型果实的特点是呼吸急剧增加。在非呼吸跃变型果实中，一般不会显示这种特征，呼吸变化可能会受到与采后贮藏相关的过程的影响。本综述描述了线粒体代谢在这个关键的生殖阶段所涉及的许多方式，例如乙烯生成和呼吸速率之间的联系，在成熟过程中替代氧化酶（AOX）和植物解偶联线粒体蛋白（PUMP）的参与，以及不同胁迫条件下受影响的果实中线粒体的常见改变。
