Smith Erin M, Wilburn Grace, Estabrooks Paul A
Dept of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.
J Phys Act Health. 2015 Apr;12(4):500-5. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2013-0065. Epub 2014 Apr 17.
Since the adoption of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010, many researchers have examined changes in the school nutrition environment; however, far less research has focused on the evaluation of physical activity (PA) policies within public schools.
School district wellness policies (n = 144) of Virginia and Maryland were coded using a previously validated audit tool with a scale of 0 (weakest, least comprehensive) to 1 (strongest, most comprehensive).
Mean policy strength was weak (.20 ± .15), and, on average, policies were moderately comprehensive (.40 ± .22). The strongest (.73 ± .44) and most comprehensive (.79 ± .40) policy subgroup addressed daily recess in elementary schools. Virginia had significantly higher scores in 9 policy groups, while Maryland had higher significant policy scores in the 2 following groups: (1) the strength and comprehensiveness of a written physical education (PE) curriculum for each grade level (Ps < .05) and (2) the strength and comprehensiveness of addressing the use of PE waivers (Ps < .05).
PA wellness policies in Maryland and Virginia are extremely weak and only moderately comprehensive; it is unlikely that these policies will significantly influence school-based PA.
自2010年《健康、无饥饿儿童法案》通过以来，许多研究人员研究了学校营养环境的变化；然而，关注公立学校体育活动（PA）政策评估的研究要少得多。
使用先前验证的审核工具对弗吉尼亚州和马里兰州的学区健康政策（n = 144）进行编码，范围为0（最弱、最不全面）至1（最强、最全面）。
政策平均强度较弱（0.20±0.15），政策平均综合程度中等（0.40±0.22）。最强（0.73±0.44）和最全面（0.79±0.40）的政策子组涉及小学每日课间休息。弗吉尼亚州在9个政策组中的得分显著更高，而马里兰州在以下2个组中的政策得分更高：（1）每个年级书面体育（PE）课程的强度和综合程度（P<0.05）以及（2）处理体育豁免使用的强度和综合程度（P<0.05）。
马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州的体育健康政策极其薄弱，仅具有中等综合程度；这些政策不太可能对校内体育活动产生重大影响。
