Costarelli Laura, Giacconi Robertina, Malavolta Marco, Basso Andrea, Piacenza Francesco, DeMartiis MariLuisa, Giannandrea Elvio, Renieri Carlo, Busco Franco, Galeazzi Roberta, Mocchegiani Eugenio
Translational Center of Research in Nutrition and Ageing, Scientific and Technologic Pole, INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
Age (Dordr). 2014 Jun;36(3):9656. doi: 10.1007/s11357-014-9656-x. Epub 2014 Apr 26.
Zinc is a relevant nutritional factor for the whole life of an organism because it affects the inflammatory/immune response and antioxidant activity, leading to a healthy state. Despite its important function, the dietary intake of zinc is inadequate in elderly. Possible interventions include food fortification because it does not require changes in dietary patterns, the cost is low and it can reach a large portion of the elderly population, including very old subjects. Studies evaluating the impact of Zn-fortified foods on functional parameters in elderly, in particular, in very old individuals, are missing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of consumption of a zinc-fortified drinking skim milk (Zn-FMilk) for a period of 2 months in comparison to standard non-fortified milk (No-FMilk) on some biochemical parameters, zinc status, inflammatory/immune response and on a key parameter of the T cell-mediated immunity (thymulin hormone) in healthy very old subjects. The treatment with zinc-fortified milk (Zn-FMilk) is a good omen to increase the cell-mediated immunity in very old age represented by thymulin activity and some cytokine (IL-12p70, IFN-γ) release. At clinical level, a good healthy state occurs in 70 % of the subjects with no hospitalization after 1 year of the follow-up in comparison to very old control subjects that did not participate to crossover design. In conclusion, the Zn-FMilk can be considered a good functional food for elderly, including older people. It might be a good replacement to the zinc tablets or lozenges taking into account the attitude of old people to uptake milk as a preferential food.
锌是生物体整个生命过程中一种重要的营养因子,因为它会影响炎症/免疫反应和抗氧化活性,从而使人保持健康状态。尽管锌具有重要功能,但老年人的膳食锌摄入量仍不足。可能的干预措施包括食品强化,因为它无需改变饮食模式,成本低,且能惠及很大一部分老年人群体,包括高龄老人。目前尚缺乏评估锌强化食品对老年人,尤其是高龄个体功能参数影响的研究。本研究的目的是,在健康的高龄受试者中,比较饮用锌强化脱脂牛奶(Zn-FMilk)2个月与饮用标准非强化牛奶(No-FMilk)对某些生化参数、锌状态、炎症/免疫反应以及T细胞介导免疫的一个关键参数(胸腺素激素)的影响。用锌强化牛奶(Zn-FMilk)进行治疗,有望提高以胸腺素活性和某些细胞因子(IL-12p70、IFN-γ)释放为代表的高龄人群的细胞介导免疫。在临床层面,与未参与交叉设计的高龄对照受试者相比,70%接受治疗的受试者在随访1年后保持良好健康状态,无需住院治疗。总之,Zn-FMilk可被视为适合老年人(包括高龄老人)的优质功能性食品。考虑到老年人更倾向于将牛奶作为首选食物,它可能是锌片或含片的良好替代品。