Belibi Franck A, Edelstein Charles L
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
Clin Med Rev Oncol. 2010 Feb 18;2:4. doi: 10.4137/CMRO.S1551.
Metastatic renal cell carcinoma is uncommon (only 3% of cancers worldwide) but of poor prognosis. Renal cell carcinoma has traditionally been treated with cytokines (interferon-α or interleukin-2). More recently, a more clear understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the disease, involving the VEGF receptor and mTOR, has led to the discovery of novel therapies. Therapeutic options in patients with advanced RCC include the VEGF receptor inhibitors Sunitinib and Sorafenib, the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody Bevacizumab and the mTORC1 inhibitors Temsirolimus and Everolimus. In 2009, Everolimus was FDA-approved for the treatment of patients with advanced clear cell RCC which had progressed within 6 months of stopping treatment with Sunitinib or sorafenib, or both drugs. Everolimus resulted in a 70% reduction in the risk of disease recurrence or death. The purpose of this review is to update on the current knowledge of the role of Everolimus in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
转移性肾细胞癌并不常见（仅占全球癌症的3%），但预后较差。传统上，肾细胞癌采用细胞因子（干扰素-α或白细胞介素-2）进行治疗。最近，对该疾病分子和细胞机制（涉及血管内皮生长因子受体和雷帕霉素靶蛋白）更清晰的了解，促使了新疗法的发现。晚期肾细胞癌患者的治疗选择包括血管内皮生长因子受体抑制剂舒尼替尼和索拉非尼、抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体贝伐单抗以及雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1抑制剂替西罗莫司和依维莫司。2009年，依维莫司被美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于治疗在停用舒尼替尼或索拉非尼或两种药物后6个月内病情进展的晚期透明细胞肾细胞癌患者。依维莫司使疾病复发或死亡风险降低了70%。本综述的目的是更新依维莫司在转移性肾细胞癌中作用的当前知识。
