Antoniotti R, Sabatino A, Regolisti G, Brusasco I, Cabassi A, Morabito S, Cademartiri C, Fiaccadori Enrico
G Ital Nefrol. 2014 Mar-Apr;31(2).
Optimal nutritional requirements and nutrient intake composition for patients with acute kidney injury is still a partially unresolved issue. Targeting nutritional support to the actual protein and energy needs improves the clinical outcome of critically ill patients. So far, very few data are currently available on this topic in acute kidney injury. In this specific clinical condition, the risk for under- and overfeeding may be increased by factors interfering on nutrient need estimation, such as rapidly changing body weight due to fluid balance variations, nutrient losses and hidden calorie sources from renal replacement therapy. Moreover, since acute kidney injury is now considered a kidney-centered inflammatory syndrome, the renoprotective role of specific pharmaconutrients with anti-inflammatory properties remains to be fully defined. This review is aimed at discussing recently published results concerning quantitative and qualitative aspects of the nutritional approach to acute kidney injury in critically ill patients.
急性肾损伤患者的最佳营养需求和营养摄入组成仍是一个尚未完全解决的问题。根据实际蛋白质和能量需求进行营养支持可改善危重症患者的临床结局。到目前为止，关于急性肾损伤这一主题的现有数据非常少。在这种特定的临床情况下，由于液体平衡变化导致体重快速改变、营养物质流失以及肾脏替代治疗中的隐性热量来源等因素干扰营养需求评估，可能会增加喂养不足和喂养过度的风险。此外，由于急性肾损伤现在被认为是以肾脏为中心的炎症综合征，具有抗炎特性的特定药理营养素的肾脏保护作用仍有待充分明确。本综述旨在讨论最近发表的有关危重症患者急性肾损伤营养治疗定量和定性方面的研究结果。
