U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA.
J Food Prot. 2014 May;77(5):824-7. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-403.
Broilers may carry Salmonella and Campylobacter on inner and outer surfaces upon arrival at the slaughter plant, and carcasses can be further contaminated during commercial processing. A sensitive, nondestructive, repeatable sampling method would be useful to test carcasses for levels of bacteria before and after specific processing steps to measure either contamination or efficacy of intervention techniques. Blending of excised skin is accepted as an effective sampling method but requires damage to the carcass; this makes repeated measurements on the same carcass difficult. Herein we compare sponge sampling to skin excision to recover inoculated Salmonella and Campylobacter from broiler carcasses. In each of three replications, broiler carcass breast skin was inoculated with approximately 6.0 log antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella and Campylobacter, allowed to dry for 60 s, and sampled by either sponge, skin excision, or sponge followed by skin excision. Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella and Campylobacter were enumerated from all samples. Skin excision allowed recovery of 0.1 to 0.2 log more inoculated bacteria than did sponge sampling. When excision was used on the same skin previously sampled by sponging, the combination of both methods did not significantly improve recovery compared with sponging alone. Skin excision is slightly more sensitive than sponge sampling; however, for repeated nondestructive sampling of broiler carcasses during processing, sponge sampling may be preferable to recover Salmonella and Campylobacter within 60 s of a contamination event.
肉鸡在到达屠宰场时，其内外表面可能会携带沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌，在商业加工过程中，胴体可能会进一步受到污染。一种敏感、非破坏性、可重复的采样方法，将有助于在特定加工步骤前后测试胴体中的细菌水平，以衡量污染程度或干预技术的效果。切除的皮肤混合是一种有效的采样方法，但需要对胴体造成损伤；这使得对同一胴体进行重复测量变得困难。本文比较了海绵采样和皮肤切除，以从肉鸡胴体中回收接种的沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌。在三个重复实验中，肉鸡胴体胸皮接种了约 6.0 对数的抗微生物耐药性沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌，风干 60 秒后，分别用海绵、皮肤切除或海绵切除后进行采样。对所有样本进行了抗微生物耐药性沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌的计数。皮肤切除比海绵采样可回收更多的接种细菌，多 0.1 到 0.2 个对数。当在之前用海绵采样过的同一皮肤进行切除时，与单独使用海绵相比，两种方法的组合并没有显著提高回收效果。皮肤切除比海绵采样略灵敏；然而，对于加工过程中对肉鸡胴体进行重复的非破坏性采样，在污染事件发生后 60 秒内，海绵采样可能更适合回收沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌。
