Aronson Paul L, Mistry Rakesh D
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics (Aronson), Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Associate Professor of Pediatrics (Mistry), Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Colorado, Denver, CO.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2014 May;30(5):358-62; quiz 363-5. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0000000000000131.
Anterior shoulder dislocation is the most common joint dislocation seen in the emergency department. Although emergency medicine providers use several techniques for reduction, each method is associated with potential discomfort for the patient. In addition, pain from the dislocated shoulder causes muscle spasm that impedes reduction. Therefore, both analgesia and procedural sedation are often used to reduce pain and enable reduction. Intra-articular injection of lidocaine has demonstrated efficacy in reduction of pain and facilitation of shoulder reduction compared with analgesia and sedation. Intra-articular lidocaine may also reduce time to successful reduction of shoulder dislocations.
肩关节前脱位是急诊科最常见的关节脱位。尽管急诊医学人员使用多种复位技术，但每种方法都会给患者带来潜在的不适。此外，脱位肩部的疼痛会导致肌肉痉挛，从而妨碍复位。因此，镇痛和程序性镇静常常被用于减轻疼痛并实现复位。与镇痛和镇静相比，关节内注射利多卡因已证明在减轻疼痛和促进肩关节复位方面具有疗效。关节内注射利多卡因还可能缩短肩关节脱位成功复位的时间。
