早产和性别对儿童气质与行为的影响。
Effects of preterm birth and gender on temperament and behavior in children.
作者信息
Cosentino-Rocha Luciana, Klein Vivian Caroline, Linhares Maria Beatriz Martins
机构信息
Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Neurosciences and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
Infant Behav Dev. 2014 Aug;37(3):446-56. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.04.003. Epub 2014 May 1.
The aim of the present study was to assess the direct and interactive effects of premature birth and gender on temperament and behavioral problems in 80 children aged 18-36 months. The sample was composed of children born preterm (PT; n=44) and children born full-term (FT; n=36). The children's mothers completed temperament (ECBQ) and behavioral problem (CBCL 1.5-5) assessments. Analyses of variance (ANOVA 2×2) were performed. With regard to temperament, PT children exhibited significantly higher scores on high-intensity pleasure and perceptual sensitivity and lower scores on discomfort, cuddliness, and Attentional Focusing compared with FT children. Girls scored higher on fear and discomfort compared with boys. With concern to behavioral problems, PT children scored higher on attention problems compared with FT children. No interactive effect of premature birth and gender on temperament or behavioral problems was found.
本研究的目的是评估早产和性别对80名18至36个月大儿童的气质和行为问题的直接及交互作用。样本由早产儿童（PT；n = 44）和足月出生儿童（FT；n = 36）组成。儿童的母亲完成了气质（ECBQ）和行为问题（CBCL 1.5 - 5）评估。进行了方差分析（2×2方差分析）。在气质方面，与足月出生儿童相比，早产儿童在高强度愉悦和感知敏感性方面得分显著更高，而在不适、亲昵和注意力集中方面得分更低。女孩在恐惧和不适方面的得分高于男孩。在行为问题方面，与足月出生儿童相比，早产儿童在注意力问题上得分更高。未发现早产和性别对气质或行为问题的交互作用。
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