Tsuruya Kazuhiko
Nihon Rinsho. 2014 Apr;72(4):708-14.
Many recent reports have shown that prevalence of brain atrophy (BA) and cognitive impairment (CI) increases in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is also associated with the severity of kidney dysfunction. Various risk factors such as dialysis-related factors, oxidative stress, anemia, brain ischemia, and uremic toxins are considered to involve in these conditions. We recently reported that CI in CKD mice were ameliorated by the treatment with tempol, an antioxidant drug, thorough inhibition of oxidative stress in the brain. Moreover, it has been reported that renal transplantation are effective in the improvement of CI; however, increase in hemodialysis by frequent hemodialysis had failed to improve CI in CKD patients. Further evidences are required to elucidate the pathogenesis of BA and CI in CKD.
最近许多报告显示，慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者脑萎缩（BA）和认知障碍（CI）的患病率增加，并且还与肾功能不全的严重程度相关。各种风险因素，如透析相关因素、氧化应激、贫血、脑缺血和尿毒症毒素，被认为与这些情况有关。我们最近报告称，用抗氧化药物tempol治疗可改善CKD小鼠的CI，通过彻底抑制大脑中的氧化应激来实现。此外，据报道肾移植对改善CI有效；然而，在CKD患者中，通过频繁血液透析增加血液透析次数未能改善CI。需要更多证据来阐明CKD中BA和CI的发病机制。
