Lira Fábio Santos, Neto José Cesar Rosa, Seelaender Marília
a Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2014 Jun;39(6):679-86. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0554. Epub 2014 Mar 24.
Cachexia is a wasting syndrome that may accompany a plethora of diseases, including cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, aids, and rheumatoid arthritis. It is associated with central and systemic increases of pro-inflammatory factors, and with decreased quality of life, response to pharmacological treatment, and survival. At the moment, there is no single therapy able to reverse cachexia many symptoms, which include disruption of intermediary metabolism, endocrine dysfunction, compromised hypothalamic appetite control, and impaired immune function, among other. Growing evidence, nevertheless, shows that chronic exercise, employed as a tool to counteract systemic inflammation, may represent a low-cost, safe alternative for the prevention/attenuation of cancer cachexia. Despite the well-documented capacity of chronic exercise to counteract sustained disease-related inflammation, few studies address the effect of exercise training in cancer cachexia. The aim of the present review was hence to discuss the results of cachexia treatment with endurance training. As opposed to resistance exercise, endurance exercise may be performed devoid of equipment, is well tolerated by patients, and an anti-inflammatory effect may be observed even at low-intensity. The decrease in inflammatory status induced by endurance protocols is paralleled by recovery of various metabolic pathways. The mechanisms underlying the response to the treatment are considered.
恶病质是一种消耗综合征，可能伴随多种疾病出现，包括癌症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、艾滋病和类风湿性关节炎。它与促炎因子在中枢和全身的增加有关，并且与生活质量下降、对药物治疗的反应以及生存率降低相关。目前，没有单一的疗法能够逆转恶病质的许多症状，这些症状包括中间代谢紊乱、内分泌功能障碍、下丘脑食欲控制受损以及免疫功能受损等。然而，越来越多的证据表明，长期运动作为一种对抗全身炎症的手段，可能是预防/减轻癌症恶病质的一种低成本、安全的选择。尽管长期运动对抗持续性疾病相关炎症的能力已有充分记录，但很少有研究探讨运动训练对癌症恶病质的影响。因此，本综述的目的是讨论耐力训练治疗恶病质的结果。与抗阻运动不同，耐力运动可以在不使用设备的情况下进行，患者耐受性良好，并且即使在低强度下也可能观察到抗炎作用。耐力训练方案引起的炎症状态降低与各种代谢途径的恢复同时出现。还考虑了对该治疗反应的潜在机制。
